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10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali

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10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali

Amagama abo afana nophawu lwekhwalithi. Bajwayele ngisho nalabo abakude kakhulu nomhlaba wobuciko. Ngamunye wabo kwakuyisenzakalo esikhethekile sesikhathi saso.

Othile unendima yomtholi, othile unxenxa imfihlakalo yakhe, othile uyamangala ngamaqiniso - ahluke kakhulu, kepha ahlukile.

Laba baculi baye baba uphawu lwenkathi, izwe, isitayela.

ULeonardo da Vinci. Enkulu futhi enamandla.

Funda ngoLeonardo da Vinci esihlokweni esithi “Abaculi Besikhathi Sokuvuselela Intsha. Izingcweti ezi-6 ezinhle zase-Italy ”.

indawo ethi “Idayari Yokudweba. Esithombeni ngasinye kunemfihlakalo, isiphetho, umyalezo."

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ULeonardo da Vinci. Ukuzithwebula. 1512. I-Royal Library eTurin, e-Italy.

Imisebenzi yalo mculi, umsunguli, umculi, i-anatomist futhi, ngokuvamile, "indoda yendawo yonke" isasimangaza.

Ngenxa yemidwebo yakhe, ukudweba komhlaba sekufinyelele izinga elisha lekhwalithi. Wadlulela kumaqiniso, eqonda imithetho yokubuka izinto nokuqonda ukwakheka kwe-anatomical yomuntu.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
ULeonardo da Vinci. Vitruvian Man. 1490. Igalari ye-Academy, Venice.

Wabonisa izilinganiso ezifanele emdwebeni othi "Vitruvian Man". Namuhla kubhekwa kokubili umsebenzi wobuciko wobuciko kanye nomsebenzi wesayensi.

Umsebenzi owaziwa kakhulu we-genius - "Mona Lisa".

Ngokusho kwenguqulo esemthethweni, i-Louvre inomfanekiso kaLisa Gherardini, umka-Signor Giocondo. Nokho, owayephila ngesikhathi sikaLeonardo, uVasari, uchaza isithombe seMona Lisa esifana kakhulu neLouvre. Ngakho-ke uma iMona Lisa ingalenga eLouvre, ikuphi?

Bheka impendulo esihlokweni esithi “ULeonardo da Vinci noMona Lisa wakhe. Imfihlakalo ye-Gioconda, okushiwo okuncane ngayo.

indawo ethi “Idayari yokudweba. Esithombeni ngasinye kunendaba, isiphetho, imfihlakalo.”

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ULeonardo da Vinci. Mona Lisa. 1503-1519. Louvre, Paris.

Lapha singabona impumelelo enkulu kaLeonardo ekudwebeni. I-Sfumato, okungukuthi, umugqa ongacacile kanye nezithunzi ezibekwe phezulu ngendlela yenkungu. Ngakho isithombe esinjalo esiphilayo. Futhi umuzwa wokuthi uMona Lisa usezokhuluma.

Namuhla, igama le-Mona Lisa engaqondakali limbozwe ngesihluku kuma-caricatures nama-meme e-inthanethi. Kodwa lokho akuzange kumenze abe muhle kangako.

Funda ngomsebenzi wenkosi esihlokweni "Imisebenzi yobuciko emi-5 kaLeonardo da Vinci".

Funda futhi mayelana nomsebenzi wobuciko osanda kutholwa wenkosi esihlokweni "UMsindisi Womhlaba" uLeonardo. Imininingwane emi-5 ethokozisayo yesithombe».

I-Hieronymus Bosch. Okungaqondakali futhi okungaqondakali.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
UJacques le Bouc. Isithombe sika-Hieronymus Bosch. 1550.

Ingxenye yabantu, i-half-mutants, izinyoni ezinkulu nezinhlanzi, izitshalo ezingakaze zibonwe kanye nezixuku zezoni ezinqunu... Konke lokhu kuxutshwe futhi kwelukwa kwaba yizingoma ezinezibalo eziningi.

I-Hieronymus Bosch iyabonakala kakhulu. Futhi umsebenzi wakhe odume kakhulu yi-triptych "Insimu Yezinto Ezijabulisayo Zasemhlabeni".

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
I-Hieronymus Bosch. Insimu Yezinjabulo Zasemhlabeni. Isiqephu. 1505-1510. I-Prado Museum, eMoscow.

Alikho elinye iciko elisebenzisa imininingwane eminingi kangaka ukuveza imibono. Imiphi imibono? Akukho ukuvumelana ngalolu daba. Ama-dissertations nezincwadi zazinikezelwe kuBosch, babefuna ukuhunyushwa kwabalingiswa bakhe, kodwa abazange bafike kunoma yimuphi umbono.

Engadini Yezinjabulo Zasemhlabeni, uphiko olungakwesokudla lunikezelwe esiHogweni. Lapha inkosi yazibekela umgomo wayo ukwesabisa umlimi kanye nezifundiswa zangaleso sikhathi ngemibono ecindezelayo elindele ngemva kokufa. Awu... uBosch uphumelele. Ngisho nathi asikhululekile...

Ngakwesokudla se-triptych "Insimu Yezinto Ezijabulisayo Zasemhlabeni" sibona idemoni elinekhanda lenyoni esigqokweni se-bowler nemilenze ye-pitcher. Ushwabadela izoni futhi masinyane uyazithulisa. Ahlale esihlalweni azikhiphe amathumbu. Izicukuthwane kuphela ezazikwazi ukuthenga izihlalo ezinjalo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-monster esihlokweni esithi "Izilo eziyinhloko ze-Bosch's Garden of Earthly Delights"

Funda futhi nge-Bosch ezihlokweni:

"Iyini incazelo yesithombe esihle kakhulu seNkathi Ephakathi."

Izimfihlakalo Eziyi-7 Ezingakholeki Kakhulu zikaBosch Zengadi Yezinto Ezijabulisayo Zasemhlabeni.

indawo "Ukudweba eduze: mayelana nemidwebo namamyuziyamu kulula futhi kuyathakazelisa".

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I-Hieronymus Bosch. Insimu Yezinjabulo Zasemhlabeni. Uphiko lwesokudla lwe-triptych "Isihogo". 1505-1510. I-Prado Museum, iMadrid.

Kepha uBosch uvele washintsha phakathi nomsebenzi wakhe. Futhi ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe, imisebenzi eminingi eminingi, emikhulu yathathelwa indawo ukulinganisa okuseduze kakhulu namaqhawe. Ngakho-ke azingenanga kahle ohlakeni. Unjalo umsebenzi wokuthwala isiphambano.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
I-Hieronymus Bosch. Ethwele isiphambano. 1515-1516. I-Museum of Fine Arts, eGhent, eBelgium. wga.hu.

Noma ngabe uBosch ubabheka kude noma abalingiswa bakhe, umyalezo wakhe uyafana. Bonisa imikhuba yabantu. Futhi sifinyelele. Sisize sisindise imiphefumulo yethu.

Funda ngenkosi esihlokweni "Imisebenzi yobuciko emi-5 ye-Hieronymus Bosch".

Raphael. Kucashile futhi kuyakhuthaza.

Ku-self-portrait, u-Raphael ugqoke izingubo ezilula. Ubuka isibukeli ngamehlo anomunyu kancane. Ubuso bakhe obuhle bukhuluma ngokuthandeka kwakhe nokuthula. Abantu besikhathi sakhe bamchaza kanjalo. Enenhliziyo enhle futhi esabelayo. Wawapenda kanje amaMadonna akhe. Ukube yena akazange anikezwe lezi zimfanelo, wayengeke akwazi ukuziveza ngendlela efanekisela uSt.

Funda ngoRaphael esihlokweni esithi “I-Renaissance. Izingcweti ezi-6 ezinhle zase-Italy ”.

Funda mayelana noMadonnas wakhe odume kakhulu esihlokweni esithi “Madonnas by Raphael. 5 ubuso obuhle kakhulu.

indawo ethi “Idayari yokudweba. Esithombeni ngasinye kunemfihlakalo, isiphetho, umyalezo."

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Raphael. Ukuzithwebula. 1506. Uffizi Gallery, Florence, Italy.

Ummeleli odume kakhulu I-Renaissance ushaya ngezingoma ezihambisanayo namagama. Ukubhala abantu abahle akunzima njengokubeka ngendlela efanele ku-canvas. Lapha kulokhu uRafael wayeyi-virtuoso.

Mhlawumbe akukho neyodwa inkosi emhlabeni eyathonya ozakwabo njengoba kwenza uRaphael. Isitayela sakhe sokubhala sizoxhashazwa ngokungenasihawu. Amaqhawe alo azozulazula esuka kwelinye ikhulu aye kwelinye. Futhi zilahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwazo kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Esikhathini sesimanjemanje kanye ne-avant-garde.

Sikhumbula uRaphael, okokuqala sicabanga ngamaMadonnas akhe amahle. Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe okufushane (iminyaka engu-38), wadala imidwebo engu-20 ngesithombe sakhe. Futhi akuzange kuphinde kwenzeke.

Kwakumayelana nale Madonna kaRaphael ukuthi uDostoevsky wathi "Ubuhle buzosindisa umhlaba". Isithombe somdwebo sasilenga ehhovisi lakhe impilo yakhe yonke. Umbhali waze waya eDresden eyobuka ngokukhethekile lo msebenzi wobuciko bukhoma. Ngendlela, isithombe sachitha iminyaka engu-10 eRussia. Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, wayeseSoviet Union. Yiqiniso, ngemva kokubuyiselwa yabuyiselwa.

Funda ngomdwebo ezihlokweni

The Sistine Madonna by Raphael. Kungani lona kuwumsebenzi wobuciko?

Raphael's Madonnas. 5 ubuso obuhle kakhulu.

indawo ethi “Idayari yokudweba. Esithombeni ngasinye kunendaba, isiphetho, imfihlakalo.”

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Raphael. Sistine Madonna. 1513. Old Masters Gallery, Dresden, Germany.

Okudume kakhulu - "Sistine Madonna".  Asiboni i-heroine eyomile ye-iconographic, kodwa umama onesisa, ogcwele isithunzi nokuhlanzeka okungokomoya.

Bheka nje izingelosi ezinonya! Ukuvezwa kweqiniso okunjalo kokuzenzakalela kobuntwana, okugcwele ukukhanga.

Umsebenzi obiza kakhulu kaRafael, ngokumangalisayo, umdwebo othi "Inhloko Yomphostoli Omusha". Idayiswe oSuthwini ngo-$48 million.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
Raphael. Sketch "Inhloko yomphostoli osemusha". 1519. Iqoqo langasese.

Umdwebi wase-Italy, owayehlonishwa abantu besikhathi sakhe ngenxa yokuthamba nokuba ngokwemvelo kwakhe, uyigugu ngempela namuhla.

Funda ngenkosi esihlokweni Raphael's Madonnas. 5 ubuso obuhle kakhulu.

Rembrandt. Kwangempela futhi sankondlo.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
Rembrandt. I-self-portrait eneminyaka engu-63. 1669. Igalari Kazwelonke yaseLondon.

U-Rembrandt uveze umhlaba njengoba wawunjalo. Ngaphandle kwemihlobiso nama-varnish. Kodwa wakwenza ngendlela ethinta inhliziyo.

Emaseyili e-Rembrandt - ukuhwalala, okuvela kuwo, kukhanyiswa ukukhanya kwegolide, izibalo ziphuma. Enhle ngokwendalo yawo. Lawa amaqhawe omdwebo wakhe othi "The Jewish Bride".

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
Rembrandt. Umakoti ongumJuda. 1662. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

Isiphetho somdwebi omkhulu wamaDashi sifana nebhodi lokuzilibazisa - ukukhuphuka kusuka ekungaziwa kuya engcebweni nasekudumeni, bese ewela phansi futhi ashone ebumpofu.

Wayengaqondwa abantu besikhathi sakhe. Ubani oncamele izigcawu ezinhle zansuku zonke ezinemininingwane emihle, ebhalwe ngokucophelela. U-Rembrandt wabhala imizwa yomuntu kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho, okwakungeyona neze imfashini.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
Rembrandt. Ukubuya kwendodana yolahleko. 1668. State Hermitage, St. I-Arthistory.ru

Kuyisimangaliso esikhulu ukuthi imisebenzi edume kakhulu, njengethi Ukubuya kweNdodana yolahleko, iseRussia, I-Hermitage. Lapho ungathola khona ukuncoma, ukuqonda, ukuzwa.

Funda ngomdwebo esihlokweni "Ukubuya KweNdodana Yolahleko" ka-Rembrandt. Kungani lona kuwumsebenzi wobuciko?

I-Goya. Ejulile futhi enesibindi.

U-Portagna, njengomdwebi wenkantolo, wenza izithombe eziningi zamalungu omndeni wasebukhosini kanye namalungu ezicukuthwane. Uphinde wapenda isithombe sikazakwabo nomngane wakhe uFrancisco Goya. U-Portagna waqashelwa njengomunye wabaculi abahamba phambili benkathi yakhe kanye noGoya. Nokho, naphezu kwawo wonke amakhono akhe, akakwazanga ukufinyelela ubuhlakani obukhona ekugcineni.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nomsebenzi kaGoya esihlokweni esithi "I-Goya yasekuqaleni kanye ne-Nude Macha yakhe."

indawo "Idayari yokudweba: esithombeni ngasinye - umlando, isiphetho, imfihlakalo".

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Vicente Lopez Portana. Isithombe sikaFrancisco Goya. 1819. Prado Museum, Madrid.

UGoya waqala umsebenzi wakhe ngentshiseko yobusha kanye nemibono emihle. Waze waba ngumdwebi wenkantolo enkantolo yaseSpain. Kodwa ngokushesha wayesekhathele ukuphila, ebona ukuhaha kwezwe, ubuwula, ukuzenzisa.

Isithombe somndeni wasebukhosini waseGoya siphawuleka ngezindlela eziningi: kokubili yiqiniso lokuthi umdwebi waziveza kuso, kanye nobuqiniso nobubi bobuso bombhangqwana wasebukhosini. Kodwa-ke, kunemininingwane eyodwa edonsa amehlo kakhulu - intokazi eseduze kweNdlovukazi ibheka emuva futhi ubuso bayo abubonakali.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nomdwebo esihlokweni esithi "Owesifazane ongenaso ubuso esithombeni somndeni kaCharles IV"

Iya kusayithi "Idayari yokudweba: esithombeni ngasinye - imfihlakalo, isiphetho, umlayezo."

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Francisco Goya. Isithombe somndeni kaCharles IV. 1800 Prado Museum, Madrid.

Bheka nje iqembu lakhe "Isithombe Somndeni Wasebukhosini", lapho uGoya engazange azame ngisho nokulungisa isimo sobuso esingenalutho kanye nokuzikhukhumeza okunyanyekayo komndeni wasebukhosini.

UGoya udale imidwebo eminingi ekhombisa isikhundla sakhe somphakathi nesomuntu. Futhi umhlaba umazi ngokuyinhloko njengeciko elinesibindi elifuna iqiniso.

Umsebenzi omangalisayo "uSaturn oshwabadela indodana yakhe" ungaba ubufakazi.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
Francisco Goya. USaturn edla indodana yakhe. 1819-1823. I-Prado Museum, iMadrid.

Lena inguqulo engenagazi, ethembeke kakhulu yesakhiwo senganekwane. Yile ndlela amaKronos ahlanyayo okufanele ngabe abukeka ngayo. Osesaba ukufa ukuthi angase awiswe ngabantwana bakhe.

U-Ivan Aivazovsky. I-Grandiose futhi inikezelwe olwandle.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
U-Ivan Aivazovsky. Ukuzithwebula. 1874. Uffizi Gallery, Florence.

U-Aivazovsky usezingeni elifanele labaculi abadume kakhulu. Okwakhe "I-Ninth Wave" eshaya esikalini sayo.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
U-Ivan Aivazovsky. I-shaft yesishiyagalolunye. 1850. Russian Museum, St. Petersburg. I-Wikimedia Commons.

Ubukhulu bezakhi, ukungabi nathemba. Ingabe idlanzana lamatilosi lingasinda kulesi siphepho? Ilanga lasekuseni nemisebe yalo efudumele libonakala linikeza ithemba elicashile.

U-Aivazovsky angabizwa ngokuthi umdwebi obaluleke kakhulu wasolwandle waso sonke isikhathi. Akekho owabhala uhlobo lwesici sasolwandle ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene kangaka. Akekho oveze izimpi eziningi kangaka zasolwandle nokuphahlazeka kwemikhumbi.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
U-Ivan Aivazovsky. I-Chesme battle. 1848. Igalari Yobuciko. I.K. Aivazovsky, Feodosiya.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-Aivazovsky naye wayengumdwebi wefilimu, ebonisa kahle imishini yomkhumbi. Nombono omncane. Eqinisweni, i-Ninth Wave ibhalwe ngokungalungile - olwandle oluphakeme, igagasi aliguquki nge "apron". Kodwa ukuzijabulisa okukhulu, u-Aivazovsky wabhala kanjalo.

Funda ngomsebenzi wenkosi esihlokweni "Imidwebo ka-Aivazovsky. 7 imisebenzi yobuciko yasolwandle, 3 amabhubesi kanye Pushkin”.

UClaude Monet. Imibalabala futhi inomoya.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
UClaude Monet. Ukuzithwebula ku-beret. 1886. Iqoqo langasese.

I-Monet ithathwa njengommeleli ovelele kakhulu impressionism. Wayezinikele kulesi sitayela impilo yakhe yonke. Lapho abalingiswa abakhulu belula futhi benemibala, imigqa iyanyamalala futhi izithunzi zingase zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

I-"Rouen Cathedral" yakhe ikhombisa ukuthi into ishintsha kanjani uma uyibuka ngemisebe yelanga. I-cathedral iyathuthumela, ihlala emisebeni.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
UClaude Monet. Rouen Cathedral. Ukushona kwelanga. 1892-1894 I-Marmottan Monet Museum, eParis

I-Monet izame kakhulu ngemivimbo ukuze ingadluliseli imvelo eningi njengokuvela kuyo. Futhi yilapho abona khona iqiniso. Kungani ukuphinda ngesithombe indawo noma into?

Eminyakeni yamuva, umdwebi omdala wapenda ingadi yakhe. Singaphinde sibheke elinye lamakhona amahle kakhulu ale nsimu emdwebeni othi "White Water Lilies". Igcinwe ngaphakathi I-Pushkin Museum eMoscow.

U-Monet udale imidwebo engu-12 ngebhuloho lase-Japan kanye nechibi elineminduze yamanzi engadini yakhe. Ngokushesha ibhuloho laseJapane ngisho nesibhakabhaka sizonyamalala emaseyili akhe. Kuzosala iminduze namanzi kuphela.

Iminduze yamanzi nayo yavela echibini ngaphambi nje kokubhala lesi sithombe. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, i-Monet yapenda ichibi elinendawo ecacile yamanzi.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nomdwebo esihlokweni esithi "Imisebenzi yobuciko eyi-7 yePushkin Museum okufanele uyibone".

indawo ethi “Idayari yokudweba. Esithombeni ngasinye kunendaba, isiphetho, imfihlakalo.”

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UClaude Monet. Iminduze yamanzi amhlophe. 1899. I-Pushkin Museum im. A.S. I-Pushkin (Igalari ye-European and American Art of the XNUMXth and XNUMXth Century), eMoscow.

UVincent Van Gogh. Uhlanya nozwelo.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
UVincent Van Gogh. Ukuzithwebula ngokusikwa kwendlebe nepayipi. January 1889. Zurich Kunsthaus Museum, Iqoqo langasese le-Niarchos. I-Wikimedia Commons.

Akagcinanga ngokuxabana Gauguin futhi wanquma indlebe yakhe. UVan Gogh ungumculi ohlakaniphile, owaziswa kuphela ngemva kokushona kwakhe.

Wayengumuntu owayengayazi imiqondo enjengokuthi "incazelo yegolide" kanye nokuyekethisa. Lapho esengumalusi, ihembe lokugcina wanika abampofu. Lapho esengumculi, wayesebenza imini nobusuku, ekhohlwa ukudla nokulala. Yingakho eminyakeni eyi-10 wadala ifa elikhulu kangaka (imidwebo engu-800 nemidwebo engu-2).

Ekuqaleni, imidwebo kaVan Gogh yayimnyama. Kuzo, uzwakalise uzwela olungenamkhawulo kubantu abampofu. Futhi ubuciko bakhe bokuqala kwaba umsebenzi onjalo - "I-Potato Eaters".

Kuyo sibona abantu bekhathele wumsebenzi onzima noyisicefe. Bakhathala baze baphenduka njengamazambane. Yebo, uVan Gogh wayengeyena umuntu ongokoqobo futhi wenza ihaba ngezici zabantu ukuze adlulisele ingqikithi.

Umdwebo kaVan Gogh othi "The Potato Eaters" wathandwa kakhulu ngumdwebi ngokwakhe. Umdwebi ubengumuntu onamawala futhi ongazi lutho. Ngakho-ke, imibala enjalo emnyama yayiwukuthanda kwakhe. Kodwa umfowabo uTheo, umdayisi wemidwebo, wayecabanga ukuthi umdwebo “ompofu” onjalo ngeke udayiswe kahle. Futhi wethula uVan Gogh kuma-Impressionists - abathandi bemibala ekhanyayo.

Funda ngomdwebo esihlokweni esithi “Izidla Zamazambane zikaVan Gogh. Umsebenzi wobuciko omnyama kunawo wonke wenkosi.”

indawo "Idayari yokudweba: esithombeni ngasinye - imfihlakalo, isiphetho, umlayezo."

»data-medium-file=»https://i0.wp.com/www.arts-dnevnik.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/image-30.jpeg?fit=595%2C422&ssl=1″ data-large-file=”https://i0.wp.com/www.arts-dnevnik.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/image-30.jpeg?fit=900%2C638&ssl=1″ loading = "lazy" class="wp-image-2052 size-large" title="10 abaculi abadumile. Kusukela kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali "Izidla Zamazambane"" src="https://i0.wp.com/arts-dnevnik.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/image-30-960×680.jpeg ?resize=900%2C638&ssl=1″ alt=”10 abaculi abadume kakhulu. Kusukela ku-Leonardo da Vinci kuya e-Salvador Dali" width="900″ height="638″ sizes="(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px" data-recalc-dims="1″/>

UVincent Van Gogh. Abadla amazambane. 1885. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam.

Kodwa ababukeli bayamthanda u-Van Gogh ngenxa yemibala yakhe ekhanyayo, emsulwa. Imidwebo yakhe yaba nemibala ngemuva kokuhlangana nama-Impressionists. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uye wapenda ama-bouquets amaningi, amasimu ehlobo nezihlahla zezimbali.

Akekho ngaphambi kokuthi uVan Gogh aveze imizwelo nemizwa yakhe ngosizo lombala. Kodwa emva kwakhe - abaningi. Phela ungumgqugquzeli wabo bonke abashicileli.

Kuyamangaza ukuthi unkosi, osekucindezelekeni okujulile okuzoholela ekutheni azibulale, abhale kanjani umsebenzi ojabulisayo njengokuthi "Ubhekilanga".

UVan Gogh udale imidwebo engu-7 ngobhekilanga ku-vase. Okudume kakhulu kubo kugcinwe ku-National Gallery eLondon. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhophi yombhali igcinwe eVan Gogh Museum e-Amsterdam. Kungani umdwebi epende imidwebo eminingi efanayo? Kungani ayedinga amakhophi azo? Futhi kungani omunye wemidwebo engu-7 (egcinwe eMnyuziyamu waseJapane) ngesinye isikhathi waze waqashelwa njengenkohliso?

Bheka izimpendulo esihlokweni esithi “Ubhekilanga weVan Gogh: Amaqiniso Ama-5 Angakholeki Ngemisebenzi Yobuciko”.

indawo "Idayari yokudweba: esithombeni ngasinye - imfihlakalo, isiphetho, umlayezo."

»data-medium-file=»https://i0.wp.com/www.arts-dnevnik.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/IMG_2188.jpg?fit=595%2C751&ssl=1″ idatha- big-file=”https://i0.wp.com/www.arts-dnevnik.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/IMG_2188.jpg?fit=634%2C800&ssl=1″ loading=”vila” class="wp-image-5470 size-medium" title="10 abaculi abadume kakhulu. Kusukela ku-Leonardo da Vinci kuya e-Salvador Dali "Obhekilanga" ​​kusuka eLondon National Gallery" src="https://i0.wp.com/arts-dnevnik.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/IMG_2188-595 ×751. jpg?resize=595%2C751&ssl=1″ alt=”10 abaculi abadume kakhulu. Kusukela ku-Leonardo da Vinci kuya e-Salvador Dali" width="595″ height="751″ sizes="(max-width: 595px) 100vw, 595px" data-recalc-dims="1″/>

UVincent Van Gogh. Obhekilanga. 1888. Igalari Kazwelonke yaseLondon.

Funda ngenkosi esihlokweni "Imisebenzi yobuciko engu-5 kaVan Gogh".

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali

UPablo Picasso. Okuhlukile nokufunayo.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
UPablo Picasso. Ukuzithwebula. 1907. Igalari Kazwelonke yasePrague. imyuziyamu-mira.com.

Lo wesifazane odumile waduma hhayi kuphela ngokushintsha amamuse njalo, kodwa futhi ngokushintsha njalo izikhombisi-ndlela zobuciko. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, wadala imisebenzi eminingi "ngesitayela sase-Afrika", lapho esikhundleni sobuso wapenda imaski yezizwe ezingavamile. Bese kuba khona i-cubism, kanye ne-abstractionism kanye ne-surrealism.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
UPablo Picasso. Guernica. 1937. I-Queen Sofia Art Centre. I-Picasso-Pablo.ru.

Isiqongo somsebenzi wakhe singabizwa ngokuthi "Guernica" ngokomzwelo (bheka ngenhla), esizinikezele edolobheni elibhujiswe yimpi. Uphawu lokuhlupheka nobuqaba.

Kwakungu-Picasso owaqhamuka nombono wokuhlanganisa ubuso obugcwele nephrofayili ezithombeni, ukuhlephula izinto zibe izibalo ezilula, ukuzihlanganisa zibe amafomu amangalisayo.

Washintsha yonke indawo yobuciko obuhle, wayicebisa ngemibono yezinguquko. Kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi noma ubani ngaphambi kuka-Picasso apende isithombe se-philanthropist edumile u-Ambroise Vollard kanjalo?

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
UPablo Picasso. Isithombe sika-Ambroise Vollard. 1910. I-Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin, eMoscow. art-museum.ru.

Salvador Dali. Kuyacasula futhi kungenazwelo.

Ungubani? Umculi ohlanyayo, i-freak yesikhathi sakhe noma indoda ye-PR enekhono? U-Salvador Dali wenze umsindo omkhulu nge-surrealism yakhe.

Umdwebo wakhe odume kakhulu ngu "Ukuphikelela Kwenkumbulo", lapho umbhali ezame ukukhombisa ukusuka esikhathini somugqa:

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
Salvador Dali. Ukuphikelela Kwenkumbulo. 1931. 24x33 cm. Museum of Modern Art, New York (MOMA). I-Wikimedia Commons.

Kodwa futhi kwakukhona izingqikithi ezijulile emisebenzini yakhe, isibonelo, impi nokubhujiswa. Nabo babesondelene kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi uDali, ngesifiso sakhe sokumangala, wayedlulela phambili.

Ngesinye isikhathi, komunye wemidwebo yakhe embukisweni, umdwebi wabhala ngoyinki “Ngezinye izikhathi ngikhafula ngenjabulo isithombe sikamama.” Ngemva kwaleli qhinga, ubaba kaDali akazange akhulume naye iminyaka eminingana.

Kodwa futhi siyamkhumbula ngothando lwakhe olungapheli emnyuziyamu wakhe, umkakhe uGalya. Kungabonakala emidwebeni yakhe eminingi. Ngisho nasesithombeni sikaMama kaNkulunkulu emdwebeni othi "Madonna of Port Lligata".

Yebo, uDali wayeyikholwa. Yiqiniso, waba kakade ukuba umuntu ovuthiwe, ngaphansi kwethonya izenzakalo zeMpi Yezwe II.

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
Salvador Dali. UMadonna wasePort Lligat. 1950. Minami Group Collection, Tokyo. pinterest.ru

UDali ungumbungazi ovelele. Wasungula itekisi elihlale linetha kanye ne-aphrodisiac tuxedo enezibuko zotshwala ezilengayo. Okwanele ukuhlala unomphela emlandweni wobuciko.

Ake sifingqa

Bekunezinkulungwane zamaciko emhlabeni. Kodwa abambalwa kuphela abakwazi ukuduma kangangokuthi cishe bonke abakhileyo eMhlabeni bayabazi.

Abanye babo baphila eminyakeni engu-500 edlule, njengoLeonardo, uRaphael noBosch. Futhi othile wasebenza ngekhulu lama-XNUMX, njengoPicasso noDali.

Yini ebahlanganisa bonke? Bonke, ngamunye ngendlela yakhe, bashintsha isikhathi ababephila kuso. Njengoba umhlaziyi wezobuciko u-Alexander Stepanov esho, umculi we-mediocre kuphela ophila ngokuhambisana nesikhathi sakhe.

Silindele inhlakanipho elandelayo yesikali esifanayo. Mhlawumbe useyenza njengamanje. Jeff Koons? Akumangalisi ukuthi i-Inflatable Dog yakhe yafakwa eVersailles esikhathini esingengakanani edlule. Noma uDamien Hirst? Noma iqembu labaculi ababili be-Recycle? Ucabangani?..

10 abaculi abadumile. Ukusuka kuLeonardo da Vinci kuya eSalvador Dali
Jeff Koons. "Inja ye-Inflatable" embukisweni e-Versailles ngo-2008. Buro247.ru.

***

Amazwana abanye abafundi bona ngezansi. Zivame ukungezwa kahle esihlokweni. Ungakwazi futhi ukwabelana ngombono wakho mayelana nomdwebo kanye nomdwebi, futhi ubuze umbhali umbuzo.

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