Umbhalo wokuqala owaziwayo owatholakala ekubhaleni kwesiMaya uhlehlela emuva cishe kuma-250 BC, kodwa lesi script kukholakala ukuthi sakhiwe ngaphambili. AmaMaya ayaziwa ngesiko lawo eliyinkimbinkimbi, elihlanganisa imibhalo eminingi ebhalwe phansi.
Ama-hieroglyphs amaMeya ayeqoshwe ematsheni noma emathanjeni, aze apendwe ezitsheni zobumba noma abhalwe ezincwadini. Izindikimba ezimbili eziyinhloko zemibhalo yabo kwakuyimibono yezinkanyezi neyenkolo.
Nawa ama-logogram amakhulu asetshenziswa impucuko yamaMeya ukuveza amagama nemibono.
Kunezimpawu eziningi zasendulo zamaMayan, ezinye ezidume kakhulu esizengeze ngezansi.
Mayelana nomculi Ngo-1998 uDavid waqala ngokwenza i-pendant ye-Merkaba. Izikhukhula zezimpendulo ezivela kubantu abamtshela ngezinguquko ezinkulu ezimpilweni zabo zamshukumisela ukuba aqhubeke nokudala nokusabalalisa lezi zimpawu emhlabeni jikelele. | |||||||
Nazi izimpawu zasendulo zamaMaya zezinombolo 1 kuya ku-10. | |||||||
Uziro | а | ||||||
Kwabo | Okuthathu | ||||||
Abane | Ezinhlanu | ||||||
Six | Isikhombisa | ||||||
Isishiyagalombili | Isishiyagalolunye | ||||||
10 |
Izinombolo zamaMaya zaziyisistimu yezinombolo zedesimali (isisekelo samashumi amabili) esasetshenziswa impucuko yamaMaya yangaphambi kweColumbian.
Izinombolo zinezinhlamvu ezintathu: uziro (omise okwegobolondo), eyodwa (ichashazi) kanye nezinhlanu (umugqa). Isibonelo, ishumi nesishiyagalolunye (19) libhalwe ngamachashazi amane kumugqa ovundlile ngaphezu kwemigqa emithathu evundlile omunye phezu komunye.
Nali itafula lezibalo zamaMayan.
I-Haab kwakuyikhalenda lelanga lamaMayan elinezinyanga eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili zezinsuku ezingamashumi amabili lilinye, kanye nenkathi yezinsuku ezinhlanu (“izinsuku ezingashiwongo”) ekupheleni konyaka elaziwa ngokuthi Wayeb (noma Wayeb, ngesipelingi sekhulu le-16).
Usuku ngalunye ekhalendeni likaHaab lukhonjiswa ngenani losuku enyangeni, lilandelwa igama lenyanga. Izinombolo zosuku ziqale nge-glyph ehunyushwe ngokuthi "indawo" yenyanga eqanjwe igama, evame ukubhekwa njengosuku olungu-0 lwaleyo nyanga, nakuba idlanzana lilubheka njengosuku lwama-20 lwenyanga eyandulela inyanga eshiwo. Odabeni lwakamuva, indlunkulu ye-Pop iku-Yeb 'day 5. Kwabaningi, usuku lokuqala lonyaka bekungu-0 Pop (indawo ye-Pop). Kwabe sekufika i-Pop engu-1, i-Pop engu-2 ukuya ku-Pop engu-19, kwase kuba ngu-0 Wo,
Uhlelo lwe-Tzolkin noma uhlelo lwe-Haab aluzange lubale iminyaka. Inhlanganisela yedethi ye-Tzolkin kanye nedethi ye-Haab beyanele ukuhlonza idethi eyanelisa abantu abaningi, njengoba inhlanganisela enjalo ayizange iphinde ivele eminyakeni engu-52 eyalandela, ngaphezu kwesikhathi esiphelele sokuphila.
Njengoba amakhalenda womabili ayesekelwe ezinsukwini ezingama-260 nezingama-365, ngokulandelana, wonke umjikelezo wawuziphinda njalo ngemva kweminyaka engama-haab engama-52. Lesi sikhathi saziwa ngokuthi i-akhawunti yekhalenda. Ukuphela kokubalwa kweKhalenda kwaba isikhathi sokudideka nesiphazamiso kumaMaya njengoba ayelindele ukubona ukuthi onkulunkulu babezowanika yini omunye umjikelezo weminyaka engu-52.
Nali ikhalenda likaHaab (izinsuku ezingama-365).
Kuyi-almanac engcwele yama-Mayan yezinsuku ezingama-260.
Ikhalenda le-Mesoamerican Long Count liyidesimali engaphindi (isisekelo esingu-20) kanye nekhalenda eliyisisekelo le-18 elasetshenziswa amasiko amaningana aseMesoamerican angaphambi kweColumbian, ikakhulukazi amaMaya. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi ikhalenda le-Mayan ende yokubala. Isebenzisa inombolo yedesimali eshintshiwe, ikhalenda yokubala i-Long Count inquma usuku ngokubala inani lezinsuku kusukela osukwini lokudalwa kwenganekwane, oluqondana no-August 11, 3114 BC. ngokwekhalenda likaGregory.
Ikhalenda elithi Long Count lalisetshenziswa kakhulu ezikhumbuzo.
Nali Ikhalenda Le-Mayan Long Count kanye nezimpawu zalo.
Lezi izimpawu eziyinhloko zamaMayan esizitholile kuze kube manje. Uma ezinye izimpawu zamaMaya zitholakala futhi zibhalwe phansi, sizozifaka kulesi sigaba sezimpawu zasendulo zamaMaya.