"Idemoni" likaVrubel: kungani liyingcweti

Ngo-2007, ngaya eHholo laseVrubel okokuqala ngqa. Ukukhanya kuthulisiwe. Izindonga ezimnyama. Usondela "kuDemoni" futhi ... uwela kwelinye izwe. Izwe okuhlala kulo izidalwa ezinamandla nezidabukisayo. Umhlaba lapho isibhakabhaka esibomvu-nsomi siphendula izimbali ezinkulu zibe amatshe. Futhi isikhala sifana ne-kaleidoscope, futhi umsindo wengilazi uyacatshangelwa. 

Idemoni eliyingqayizivele, elinemibala, elikhangayo lihlezi phambi kwakho. 

Ngisho noma ungaqondi ukudweba, uzozwa amandla amakhulu ekhanvasi. 

UMikhail Vrubel (1856-1910) wakwazi kanjani ukwenza lo msebenzi wobuciko? Konke kumayelana nokuvuselelwa kabusha kweRussia, ukukhula kwekristalu, amehlo amakhulu, nokuningi.

I-Renaissance yaseRussia

Yayingekho indlela “iDemoni” elalingazalwa ngayo ngaphambili. Ukuze abonakale, kwakudingeka isimo esikhethekile. I-Renaissance yaseRussia.

Ake sikhumbule ukuthi kwakunjani ngamaNtaliyane ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX nele-XNUMX.

UFlorence wachuma. Abathengisi nabamabhange babengafisi imali kuphela, kodwa nezinjabulo ezingokomoya. Izimbongi ezihamba phambili, abadwebi nabaqophi bavuzwa ngokukhululekile, uma nje bengadala. 

Ngokokuqala ngqá emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka abantu bezwe, hhayi isonto, baba amakhasimende. Futhi umuntu ovela emphakathini ophakeme akafuni ukubona ubuso obuyisicaba, obunombono ovamile kanye nomzimba ovalwe ngokuqinile. Ufuna ubuhle. 

Ngakho-ke, abakwaMadonna baba ngabantu futhi bebahle, benamahlombe angenalutho namakhala acwebile.

Abaculi baseRussia bathola into efanayo maphakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX. Ingxenye yezihlakaniphi yaqala ukungabaza ubuNkulunkulu bukaKristu. 

Othile wakhuluma ngokuqaphela, ebonisa uMsindisi enziwa umuntu. Ngakho, uKramskoy unendodana kaNkulunkulu ngaphandle kwe-halo, enobuso obunzima. 

Othile wayefuna indlela yokuphuma ngokuphendukela ezinganekwaneni nasezithombeni zamaqaba, njengoVasnetsov. 

UVrubel walandela indlela efanayo. Wathatha isidalwa sasenganekwaneni, iDemoni, wasinika izici zobuntu. Qaphela ukuthi akukho ukudeveli ngendlela yezimpondo nezinselo esithombeni. 

Igama lekhanvasi kuphela elichazayo ukuthi ubani ophambi kwethu. Sibona ubuhle kuqala. Umzimba wokusubatha ubhekene nengemuva lezwe elihle. Kungani ungavuseleli?

Idemoni lesifazane

I-Demon Vrubel ikhethekile. Futhi akukhona nje ukungabi khona kwamehlo amabi abomvu nomsila. 

Phambi kwethu kuneNefili, ingelosi ewile. Ungowokukhula okukhulu, ngakho-ke awungeni ngisho nakuhlaka lwesithombe. 

Iminwe yakhe eboshwe kanye namahlombe axegayo akhuluma ngemizwa eyinkimbinkimbi. Wayesekhathele ukwenza okubi. Akabuboni ubuhle obumzungezile, ngoba akukho okumjabulisayo.

Unamandla, kodwa lawa mandla akukho lapho angaya khona. Isikhundla somzimba onamandla, owabanda ngaphansi kwejoka lokudideka ngokomoya, asivamile neze.

Sicela uqaphele: Idemoni lika-Vrubel linobuso obungajwayelekile. Amehlo amakhulu, izinwele ezinde, izindebe ezigcwele. Naphezu komzimba onemisipha, kukhona into yesifazane ehamba kuwo. 

U-Vrubel ngokwakhe uthe udala ngamabomu isithombe se-androgynous. Phela imimoya yesilisa neyesifazane ingaba mnyama. Ngakho isithombe sakhe kufanele sihlanganise izici zabo bobabili ubulili.

Idemoni Kaleidoscope

Abantu besikhathi sikaVrubel bangabaza ukuthi "Idemoni" libhekisela ekudwebeni. Ngakho umsebenzi wakhe wawubhalwe ngendlela engavamile.

Umdwebi usebenze ngokwengxenye ngommese wephalethi (i-spatula yensimbi yokususa upende owedlulele), efaka isithombe ngokwengxenye. Ingaphezulu lifana ne-kaleidoscope noma ikristalu.

Le nqubo yavuthwa nenkosi isikhathi eside. Udadewabo u-Anna wakhumbula ukuthi u-Vrubel wayenesithakazelo ekukhuliseni amakristalu endaweni yokuzivocavoca.

Futhi ebusheni bakhe, wafunda nomculi Pavel Chistyakov. Wafundisa ukuhlukanisa indawo ibe imiphetho, efuna umthamo. U-Vrubel wayamukela ngentshiseko le ndlela, njengoba yayihamba kahle nemibono yakhe.

Umbala omangalisayo "Idemoni"

U-Vrubel wayengumbala ongaqondakali. Kuningi abengakwenza. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa okumhlophe nokumnyama kuphela ukudala umuzwa wombala ngenxa ye-shades ecashile yegrey.

Futhi uma ukhumbula "Usuku lukaTamara Nedemoni", khona-ke ludwetshwa emcabangweni wakho ngombala.

Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi inkosi enjalo idala umbala ongavamile, othize ofana noVasnetsovsky. Khumbula isibhakabhaka esingajwayelekile kuMakhosazana Amathathu? 

Nakuba i-Vrubel ine-tricolor: eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - ophuzi - obomvu, ama-shades awavamile. Ngakho-ke, akumangalisi ukuthi ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX umdwebo onjalo wawungaqondwa. "Idemoni" i-Vrubel yayibizwa ngokuthi idelela, i-clumsy.

Kodwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, ngenkathi yesimanje, uVrubel wayesevele enziwe izithixo. Ukuvela okunjalo kwemibala nokubunjwa kwamukelwa kuphela. Nomculi wasondelana kakhulu nomphakathi. Manje wayeqhathaniswa ne "eccentrics" enjalo Matisse и I-Picasso. 

"Idemoni" njengokuthatheka

Eminyakeni eyi-10 ngemuva kokuthi "Idemoni Elihlezi", u-Vrubel wadala "Idemoni Elinqotshiwe". Futhi kwenzeka ukuthi ekupheleni kwalo msebenzi, umculi wagcina emtholampilo wezifo zengqondo.

Ngakho-ke, kunenkolelo yokuthi "idemoni" lanqoba uVrubel, lamhlanyisa. 

Ngicabanga ukuthi akunjalo. 

Wayenesithakazelo kulesi sithombe, futhi wasebenza kuso. Kuvamile ukuthi umdwebi abuyele esithombeni esifanayo izikhathi ezimbalwa. 

Ngakho, Munch wabuyela "Scream" ngemva kweminyaka engu-17. 

U-Claude Monet wapenda inqwaba yezinguqulo ze-Rouen Cathedral, futhi u-Rembrandt wapenda inqwaba yezithombe zakhe siqu ukuphila kwakhe konke. 

Isithombe esifanayo sisiza umdwebi ukuthi abeke amaphuzu amahle emugqeni wesikhathi. Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, kubalulekile ukuthi inkosi ihlole ukuthi yini eshintshile ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho okuqoqiwe.

Uma silahla yonke into engaqondakali, khona-ke "iDemoni" alinacala ngokugula kukaVrubel. Konke ku-prosaic kakhulu. 

Ekuqaleni kwawo-90 ekhulwini XIX, wathola ugcunsula. Khona-ke kwakungekho antibiotic, futhi i-agent causative yesifo - i-treponema ephaphathekile - yenza umsebenzi wayo. 

Eminyakeni engu-10-15 ngemva kokutheleleka, isimiso sezinzwa esiphakathi siyathinteka ezigulini. Ukucasuka, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo, bese kuba i-delirium kanye nokubona izinto ezingekho. Izinzwa ze-optic nazo zi-atrophy. Konke lokhu ekugcineni kwenzeka kuVrubel. 

Wafa ngo-1910. Kwakuseneminyaka engu-18 ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwe-penicillin.

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