Tatu: uyini, umlando nokuthi kungani siwuthanda kangaka.

I-tattoo: yini okudingeka siyazi?

Yini i tattoo? Kungachazwa njengobuciko, umkhuba wokuhlobisa umzimba ngezithombe, imidwebo, izimpawu, ezinemibala noma cha, futhi hhayi ukuthi zigcwele incazelo.

yize, amasu we-tattoo zishintshile phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, umqondo wayo oyisisekelo uhlale ungashintshile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-tattoo yesimanje yaseNtshonalanga yenziwa kusetshenziswa imishini evumela u-inki ukuba ujovwe esikhunjeni ngenaliti ekhethekile, ethi, yehla yenyuka, iyakwazi ukungena cishe ngemilimitha ngaphansi kwe-epidermis.

Kunezinaliti ezahlukahlukene phakathi kwazo ngobubanzi, kuya ngokusetshenziswa kwazo; empeleni, inaliti ngayinye inesicelo esithile se-nuance, contouring noma ukuxuba.

Idivayisi esetshenziselwa ama-tattoos wanamuhla yenza imisebenzi emibili eyisisekelo kaninginingi:

• Inani likayinki enalithini
• Ukukhishwa kwe-inki ngaphakathi kwesikhumba (ngaphansi kwe-epidermis)

Ngalezi zigaba, imvamisa yokuhamba kwenaliti ye-tattoo ingaba phakathi kwezikhathi ezingama-50 kuye kwezingu-3000 ngomzuzu.

Umlando wamaTattoos

Lapho ukhetha i-tattoo, wake wazibuza ukuthi uyini umsuka wayo wangempela?

Namuhla, ama-tattoos asetshenziswa kakhulu njengendlela yokuziveza emzimbeni.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kusenokwenzeka ukuthola labo abajika amakhala abo phambi kwabo ngenxa yokushoda kolwazi noma ukubandlulula mayelana nencazelo yangempela yalobu buciko.

Eqinisweni, i-tattoo iyindlela yangempela yokuxhumana, ukuzwa okuthile okubalulekile futhi okungenakucimeka, ukuzikhomba ukuthi ungoweqembu elithile, inkolo, isivumo sokholo, kodwa futhi kuyindlela yokujabulisa nje ubuhle noma ukulandela nje ukuthambekela.

Igama elithi tattoo livela okokuqala maphakathi nawo-700s ngemuva kokutholakala kwesiqhingi saseTahiti ngukaputeni waseNgilandi uJames Cook. Abantu bakule ndawo phambilini babekhomba umkhuba wokuzidweba ngegama lesiPolynesia elithi "tau-tau", eliguqulwe ngezinhlamvu libe ngu "Tattoou", belivumelanisa nolimi lwesiNgisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akungabazeki ukuthi umkhuba wokuzidweba umzimba unomsuka wasendulo, kuze kube yiminyaka engama-5.000 XNUMX edlule.

Bambalwa izigaba zomlando:

• Ngo-1991, watholakala endaweni esezintabeni phakathi kwe-Italy ne-Austria. Umama kaSimilaun ihlehlela emuva eminyakeni engu-5.300 XNUMX edlule. Wayenemidwebo emzimbeni wakhe, eyayifakwa i-X-ray ngaleso sikhathi, futhi kwavela ukuthi ukusikeka kungenzeka kwenzelwa izinhloso zokwelashwa, ngoba ukonakala kwamathambo kwakungabonakala ezindaweni ezifanayo ncamashi namathambo.
• NgaphakathiEGibhithe lasendulo Abadansi babenemiklamo efana namathambo, njengoba kubonakala kwezinye izidumbu nomdwebo owatholakala ngo-2.000 BC.
• Il Abantu abangamaCelt wayekhulekela izithixo zezilwane futhi, njengesibonakaliso sokuzinikela, wapenda onkulunkulu abafanayo ngemidwebo emzimbeni.
• Umbono Abantu baseRoma ngokomlando, lokhu kube yisimpawu samathambo ezigebengwini nasezonweni kuphela. Kube ngemuva kwesikhathi kuphela, ngemuva kokuhlangana nabantu baseBrithani abasebenzisa ama-tattoo emzimbeni wabo empini, lapho bathatha khona isinqumo sokuwamukela ngokwesiko labo.
• Inkolo yobuKrestu yasebenzisa umkhuba wokubeka izimpawu zenkolo ebunzini njengophawu lokuzinikela. Kamuva, ngesikhathi somlando Wezimpi Zenkolo, amasosha nawo anquma ukuthola ama-tattoo lapho. Ukuwela kweJerusalemaukuhlonishwa uma kwenzeka kufa umuntu empini.

Incazelo ye-tattoo

Kuwo wonke umlando, umkhuba wamathambo ubelokhu unencazelo engokomfanekiso. Ukuhlupheka okuhambisanayo, okuyingxenye ebalulekile futhi edingekayo, kuhlale kwehlukanisa umbono wasentshonalanga kowasempumalanga, owase-Afrika nowolwandle.

Eqinisweni, kumasu aseNtshonalanga, ubuhlungu buyancishiswa, ngenkathi kwamanye amasiko kushiwo, buthola incazelo ebalulekile nenani: ubuhlungu busondeza umuntu kokuhlangenwe nakho kokufa, futhi, ngokumelana nakho, uyakwazi ukukuxosha.

Ezikhathini zasendulo, wonke umuntu onqume ukuthola i-tattoo wazibonela lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho njengesiko, ukuhlolwa noma ukuthwasa.

Kukholakala ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi ama-tattoos wangaphambi komlando ayenziwa ngabathakathi, ama-shaman noma abapristi ayenziwa ngqo ezindaweni ezibucayi lapho kwakuzwa khona ubuhlungu, njengasemhlane noma ezingalweni.

Kanye nobuhlungu, kukhona futhi uphawu oluhambisana nokuphuma kwegazi ngesikhathi sokwenza.

Igazi eligelezayo lifanekisela impilo, ngakho-ke ukuchitheka kwegazi, noma ngabe kunqunyelwe futhi kungabalulekile, kulingisa okwenzeka ekufeni.

Amasu namasiko ahlukahlukene

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, amasu asetshenziselwa ama-tattoos ahlukahlukene futhi abe nezici ezihlukile ngokuya ngesiko ebekenziwa kulo. Ubukhulu bezamasiko yibo obubambe iqhaza ekuhlukaniseni amasu, ngoba, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ushintsho lutholakala kokuhlangenwe nakho kanye nenani elibangelwa ubuhlungu obuhambisana nalo mkhuba. Ake sizibheke ngqo:

• Izindlela Zasolwandle: ezindaweni ezifana nePolynesia neNew Zealand, ithuluzi elibunjiwe nge-rake elinamazinyo amathambo abukhali ekugcineni lasetshenziswa ukungena ngaphakathi kwesikhumba esitholwe ngokudonsa nokucubungula ama-walnuts kakhukhunathi.
• Indlela Yasendulo Yama-Inuit: Izinaliti ezenziwe ngamathambo zazisetshenziswa i-Inuit ukwenza intambo ye-cinchona, embozwe ngentambo yomsizi engakhipha umbala futhi ingene esikhunjeni ngendlela yobuciko.
• Inqubo yaseJapan: Ibizwa nge-tebori futhi iqukethe ukudweba tattoo ngezinaliti (i-titanium noma insimbi). Zinamathiselwe ekugcineni kokhuni loqalo oluhamba luye emuva naphambili njengebhulashi, lubhoboza isikhumba ngokunganaki, kodwa kabuhlungu impela. Ngesikhathi sokuzijwayeza, umdwebi wamathambo ugcina isikhumba singcole ukuze akwazi ukuxhasa kahle isikhumba ngenkathi edlulisa izinaliti. Ngesinye isikhathi, izinaliti bezingasuseki futhi zingasebenzi, kepha namuhla kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa inhlanzeko nezimo zokuphepha. Umphumela ongatholwa ngale ndlela wehlukile emshinini wakudala ngoba uyakwazi ukukhiqiza imibala ehlukahlukene, noma ngabe kuthatha isikhathi eside. Le ndlela isenziwa eJapan namuhla, ikakhulukazi ngezingulube ezimnyama (sumi) kuhlanganiswe neMelika (entshonalanga). 
• Inqubo yaseSamoa: kuyisiko elibuhlungu kakhulu lenkambiso, evame ukuhambisana nemikhosi nezingoma. Lokhu kwenziwa kanjena: umculi usebenzisa izinsimbi ezimbili, enye yazo ifana nekama lamathambo elinesibambo esinezinaliti ezi-3 kuya kwezingu-20, kanti enye iyinsimbi efana nenduku esetshenziswayo ukuyishaya.

Owokuqala ukhulelwe i-pigment etholwe ngokucutshungulwa kwezitshalo, amanzi kanye no-oyela, yaqhutshwa ngenduku ukubhoboza isikhumba. Ngokusobala, kukho konke ukwenziwa, isikhumba kufanele sihlale senzelwe impumelelo enhle yokusebenza.

• Inqubo yaseThai noma yaseCambodia: inezimpande zasendulo futhi ezibaluleke kakhulu kuleli siko. Olimini lwasendaweni ibizwa nge- "Sak Yant" noma "tattoo engcwele", okusho incazelo ejulile edlula kude nephethini elula esikhunjeni. I-tattoo yaseThai yenziwa kusetshenziswa inqubo yoqalo. ngale ndlela: induku ebukhali (sak mai) icwiliswa ngoyinki bese ithepha esikhunjeni ukuze wakhe umdwebo. Le nqubo inobuhlungu obucatshangelwa ngokweqile, obuye buxhomeke endaweni ekhethiwe.
• Amasu weWestern (American): Le yinkambiso entsha neyesimanjemanje eshiwo, esebenzisa umshini wenaliti kagesi oqhutshwa ngamakhoyili kagesi noma ikhoyili eyodwa ejikelezayo. Lena inqubo engebuhlungu esetshenziswayo njengamanje, ukuvela kwanamuhla kwepeni likagesi likaThomas Edison lika-1876. Ilungelo lobunikazi lokuqala lomshini kagesi okwazi ukudweba umzimba latholwa nguSamuel O'Reilly ngo-1891 e-United States, elaphefumulelwa ngokufanelekile ngokwakhiwa kuka-Edison. Kodwa-ke, umbono ka-O'Reilly awuhlalanga isikhathi eside ngenxa yokunyakaza okujikelezayo kukodwa. Ngokushesha ngemuva kwalokho, indoda eyiNgisi uThomas Riley yasungula umshini ofanayo we-tattoo isebenzisa ama-electromagnet, aguqula umhlaba wokuzidweba. Leli thuluzi lokugcina labe selithuthukiswa futhi lasetshenziswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwalo kobuchwepheshe, kuze kube yinguqulo esesikhathini kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa njengamanje.