I-Lapis lazuli - iqoqo lolwazi

Lapis lazuli, njengetshe eliyigugu eliyigugu elisetshenziselwa ubucwebe, lidumile phakathi kwabathandi bobucwebe abenziwe ngezithako zemvelo. Ihlukaniswa ngezicukuthwane, ezinamandla Umbala obomvu futhi ihambisana kahle nesiliva negolide. Kwakubhekwa njengenani ezikhathini zasendulo - kwakucatshangelwa itshe labonkulunkulu nababusi kanye nezindawo zokuphulukisa zabangelwa yiyo. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-lapis lazuli nokuthi yini okufanele ukwazi ngaleli tshe?

I-Lapis lazuli: izakhiwo kanye nokuvela

I-Lapis lazuli kungokwalabo amatshe we-metamorphicngenxa yokuguqulwa kwe-limestone noma i-dolomite. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngephutha lapis lazuli - I-Feldspar iyiminerali evela eqenjini lama-silicates (ama-silicic acid salts), okuyingxenye yawo eyinhloko. Izinhlanganisela zesibabule eziqukethwe edwaleni zinesibopho sombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wedwala. Lona kanye igama letshe lihlotshaniswa nombala walo oyingqayizivele - owakhiwe ngesiLatini ("ngamatshe") Futhi isici sesibili esivela kusi-Arabhu nesiPheresiya, okusho ukuthi "oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka'«isibhakabhaka".

itshe lapis lazuli iyidwala elicwengekile elinesakhiwo esihlangene, esihlakazekile ngokuqhathaniswa, esenzeka ikakhulukazi kumabula kanye ne-carnassus. Amadiphozithi amakhulu kunawo wonke ase-Afghanistan, lapho I-lapis lazuli isineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-6 imbiwa. Leli tshe liyatholakala naseRussia, Chile, USA, South Africa, Burma, Angola, Rwanda nase Italy. Okubaluleke kakhulu kubhekwa njengamatshe amnyama, ahlukaniswa ngombala oqinile, osakazwa ngokulinganayo.

I-Lapis lazuli, noma itshe elingcwele lasendulo

Iminyaka Yenkazimulo Enkulu Kakhulu"itshe lezulu“Yizikhathi zakudala lezi. I-Lapis lazuli eMesopotamiya yasendulo - eSumer, bese kuthi eBhabhiloni, e-Akkad nase-Asiriya - yayibhekwa njengetshe lonkulunkulu nababusi futhi yayisetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto zehlelo, ubucwebe, izimpawu nezinsimbi zomculo. AmaSumer ayekholelwa ukuthi leli tshe lalihlobise intamo yonkulunkulukazi ababaluleke kakhulu basezinganekwaneni zaseMesopotamiya - u-Ishtar, unkulunkulukazi wempi nothando - phakathi nohambo lwakhe lokuya ezweni labafileyo. I-Lapis lazuli nayo yayidumile eGibhithe lasendulo ngesikhathi sokubusa koFaro. Kwakungenye yamatshe ayehlobise imaski yegolide edumile yaseTutankhamen, evala ubuso bomama ethuneni likaFaro, elitholakala eSigodini Samakhosi.

Emithini yesintu yasendulo, i-lapis lazuli yabelwa indima ye-aphrodisiac. Kwakukholelwa nokuthi leli tshe lithinta umzimba. ukugqwayiza i ezolile, kwandisa amandla ezingalo nemilenze, kukhulula ukucindezeleka nokuqwasha, kusekela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni futhi kunomphumela omuhle ezonweni. AbaseGibhithe babeyisebenzisela imfiva, amajaqamba, izinhlungu (okuhlanganisa nezinhlungu zokuya esikhathini), isifuba somoya, nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

I-Lapis lazuli - isetshenziswa kuphi?

Ngaphezu komsebenzi walo wokuhlobisa nokuhlobisa, "itshe lasezulwini" liye lasetshenziselwa ezinye izinhloso phakathi namakhulu eminyaka. Ngaphambi kokusungulwa kodayi bokwenziwa, okungukuthi, ngaphambi kokuqala kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX, i-lapis lazuli. yayisetshenziswa njenge-pigment ngemva kokugayaesebenza ngaphansi kwegama i-ultramarine, ukukhiqizwa kwamapende asetshenziselwa ukudweba kwamafutha kanye ne-fresco. Iphinde yatholwa ngenkathi kuhlolwa ubuciko be-rock bangaphambi komlando. Namuhla, i-lapis lazuli ihlonishwa njengetshe eliqoqwayo kanye nezinto ezingavuthiwe okwenziwa ngazo ubucwebe obuhlukahlukene (amatshe ayigugu) - kusukela emifanekisweni emincane nezithombe kuya ezintweni zokuhloba.

Ebucwebeni, i-lapis lazuli ihlukaniswa njenge amatshe ayigugu. Ihlanganisa nesiliva negolide, kanye namanye amatshe ayigugu futhi ayingxenye eyigugu. Okokuqala, amasongo esiliva amahle, ama-pendants egolide namacici e-lapis lazuli akhiqizwa. Amatshe aqukethe izinhlayiya ze-pyrite ezikhazimulayo. Ngokulandelayo, inani lincishiswa ngokukhula okubonakalayo kwe-calcite - okumhlophe noma okumpunga.

Indlela yokunakekela ubucwebe be-lapis lazuli?

I-Lapis lazuli iyitshe elingezwani nokushisa.ama-acids namakhemikhali, kuhlanganise nensipho, ngaphansi kwethonya elifiphalayo. Khumbula ukususa ubucwebe ngaleli tshe ngaphambi kokugeza izandla zakho nokwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya. Ngenxa yokuthamba kwayo okuhlobene uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amatshe asetshenziswa ekwenzeni ubucwebe, ubucwebe be-lapis lazuli kufanele bugcinwe kahle, buvikelwe ekulimaleni okungenzeka kwemishini. Uma kunesidingo, ubucwebe be-lapis lazuli bungasulwa ngendwangu ethambile ethelwe ngamanzi.

Ingabe unentshisekelo ngetshe le-lapis lazuli? Funda futhi:

• Imigexo kaQueen Pu-Abi

• Indandatho yaseMpumalanga-West