I-Maori Tattoos: Isingeniso Esiningiliziwe Samagugu Amasiko kanye Nencazelo Yama-Maori Tattoos

Ukwazi umlando wama-tattoos athile kubalulekile ekutholeni umdwebo ophelele we-tattoo. Umsuka we-tattoo, isizinda sawo samasiko nomlando, kanye nencazelo kungaba nomthelela ngempela esinqumweni, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekwabiweni kwamasiko kanye nezindaba ezifanayo mayelana nama-tattoos amasiko.

Ama-tattoos we-Maori angomunye wemidwebo ethandwa kakhulu ye-tattoo. Kodwa-ke, abaningi abaqapheli ngisho nokuthi ama-tattoos abawenzayo angokwesiko namasiko, futhi, bengazi ngolwazi olubalulekile olunjalo, benza ukwabiwa kwamasiko. Abanye, naphezu kokuqaphela imidwebo yamaMaori, basathola imiklamo yamasiko futhi bafuna ubunikazi, okunciphisa ngempela isiko namasiko amaMaori.

Ngenhlanhla, abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe bathola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana namasiko e-tattoo ahlukene kanye nemvelaphi yemidwebo ethile yendabuko. Kodwa-ke, kuhlale kukhona okufanele sikufunde, ngakho-ke sanquma ukungena ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nemvelaphi yamasiko kanye nencazelo yama-tattoos aseMaori. Ngakho, ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, ake siqale!

I-Maori Tattoo: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele We-tattoo

Umsuka

Imidwebo yama-Maori, ebizwa ngokufanelekile ngokuthi ama-moko tattoos, iwuhlobo lobuciko bobuso nomzimba obusuka eNew Zealand. Emakhulwini eminyaka ngaphambi kokufika kwabahambi baseYurophu, abantu baseMaori babaziwa njengabalweli nabavikeli bezwe labo, ngokuvamile bedwetshwa ama-tattoo ebusweni nasemzimbeni ukuze babonise ukuzinikela kwabo nokuzimisela kwabo ukuvikela izwe nesizwe sabo, kanye nesimo sabo, isikhundla nobudoda. . .

Abantu baseMaori babevame ukuba abadobi, amatilosi namatilosi anekhono eliphezulu. Babenekhono futhi ekwenzeni izitsha zobumba, ukwakha izikebhe, ukutshala izitshalo, ukuzingela izilwane nokunye.

Yiqiniso, amaMaori ayenekhono elimangalisayo ekudwebeni imifanekiso. Ama-tattoo e-Moko kukholakala ukuthi avela ezinganekwaneni zamaMaori kanye nendaba yenkosazana engaphansi komhlaba u-Niwareka kanye nensizwa okuthiwa uMataora.

UNivareka wahlukunyezwa uMatora, okwathi ngemva kwalokho wamshiya waphindela ezweni labaphansi. UMatorara wanquma ukuyofuna iNivareki; phakathi nohambo, ubuso bakhe babugcotshwe ngopende, futhi ukubonakala kwakhe konke kwaba ngaphansi kokuhlekwa okukhulu. Noma kunjalo, uMatorara wamthola uNivareka, owakwamukela ukuxolisa kwakhe. Njengesipho, ubaba ka-Nivareki wafundisa uMataoru ukwenza ama-tattoos e-moko ukuze upende osebusweni bakhe ungaphinde udaka.

Kule ndaba, kungatholakala ukuthi abantu baseMaori babenza izinhlobo ezithile zobuciko bomzimba kudala ngaphambi kwesiko likaMoko. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isiko lokudweba ubuso nomzimba lasakazeka lisuka kwezinye iziqhingi zasePolynesia.

Umhlaba wafunda ngabantu baseMaori ngenxa yabaseYurophu. Nokho, lona bekungewona umhlangano oyimpumelelo wamasiko amabili ahlukene. AbaseYurophu, njengenjwayelo, babona ithuba lokuthatha izwe laseNew Zealand, kanye namaMaori. Nokho, kulokhu abeLungu bakhangwa ukubukeka kwamaMaori, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yemidwebo yabo ebusweni nasemzimbeni. Ukuthatheka kwabo kwakunamandla kangangokuthi baqala ukubulala amaMaori futhi bayisa amakhanda abo ekhaya njengezikhumbuzo. Abantu baseMaori baze baphoqeleka ukuthi bayeke ukwenza ama-moko tattoo ngenxa yokwesaba “abazingeli abamhlophe” abamhlophe.

Okushoyo

Uma kuziwa encazelweni yama-moko tattoos, ngokuvamile amelela enye yalezi zinto; isikhundla, isikhundla, isizwe, ubudoda, kanye nabesifazane, isikhundla kanye nesikhundla. Ama-tattoo e-Moko ngokuvamile amelela ubunikazi bomuntu ogqokile kanye nolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesikhundla sabo ngaphakathi kwesizwe. Ama-tattoos e-Moto ngokuvamile asekelwe encazelweni ethile yesiko kubantu baseMaori, emelwe amaphethini a-spiral kanye nama-curvilinear.

Ngokuya ngendawo yama-tattoos e-moko, angaba nezincazelo nezimpawu ezihlukene. Ngokwesibonelo;

Naphezu kwezinhlangano eziningi ze-moko tattoos ngokusabisa nobudlova, njengoba sibona, incazelo yalawa ma-tattoos ayikwazi ukudlula lokho. Lawa ma-tattoos asetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ukusiza ukukhomba nokuthola ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nomuntu wamaMaori ngokumbheka nje.

Ama-tattoos ayindlela yokuqashelwa, ikakhulukazi uma abantu behlangana okokuqala. Lokhu akukhona neze lokho amaMaori akusebenzisela ubudlova nokwesabisa, njengoba kuvame ukukholelwa, ngenxa yemvelaphi yawokhokho nendlela yawo yokuphila yasendulo, nendlela abantu baseNtshonalanga ababekubheka ngayo.

AbaseYurophu ngokuvamile babekholelwa ukuthi amaMaori azidweba ubuso nemizimba yawo, ukuze asabise isitha empini noma ahehe abesifazane. Kukhona nezincazelo zama-moko tattoos njengophawu lwempi, ubuzimuzimu kanye nocansi. Impela, lapho abantu befunda okwengeziwe ngesiMaori, sasiqonda ngokwengeziwe isiko nesiko lesiMaori, kanye nesizinda nencazelo yamatattoo e-moko.

Ngeshwa, nanamuhla, abanye abantu bacabanga ngesiko lamaMaori nama-moko tattoos. Kodwa-ke, ukukhula kokwamukelwa kwama-moko tattoos ayingqayizivele futhi amangalisayo kukhombisa ukuthi thina njengomphakathi sesiqala kanjani ukuhlonipha isiko labanye abantu futhi singasebenzisi nje isiko labo ngokunganaki futhi silifake emizimbeni yethu ngenxa nje yokuba ne-tattoo epholile.

I-Moko tattoos ayiyona nje iqoqo lemigqa ehlanganiswe ibe iphethini elithakazelisayo. Lawa ma-tattoo amele umuntu, umlando, isiko, amasiko, iqoqo lezinkolelo, nokuningi.

I-Moco's Modern Identity

I-Moko, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-tattoo ezizwe kulezi zinsuku, iye yathonywa ngokwesiko ukuchazwa kwesimanje kanye nokwabiwa kwamasiko, ikakhulukazi ngabaseNtshonalanga. Naphezu kokuqwashisa nolwazi olutholakala ngokuchofoza okukodwa nje, abanye abantu abakawazi amaMoko namaMaori, noma bamane banganaki ngamabomu ukubaluleka kwamasiko amaMoko.

Ngeshwa, abantu abangahlobene nezizwe zamaMaori basathola ama-tattoo e-moko futhi basasebenzisa ama-tattoo e-moko kumfashini nokuklama ukuze babonise "ukuthi bahlanganisa futhi banomoya wokungenisa izihambi kangakanani abavela emasikweni ahlukene."

Isibonelo, ngo-2008/2009, umklami waseFrance owaziwayo emhlabeni jikelele u-Jean Paul Gaultier wasebenzisa amamodeli angewona amaMaori anama-moko tattoos ukuze akhuthaze iqoqo lakhe lakamuva. Ngokwemvelo, abaningi babheka lokhu kukhetha kwamamodeli njengokucasula kakhulu, ikakhulukazi esithombeni lapho imodeli ye-moko imile ihlezi ivule imilenze.

Manje uGauthier wazama ukuzichaza ngokuthi wayethola isiko lamaMaori lilihle futhi lingavamile futhi angathanda ukuthi abantu bezwe lakubo babone ubuhle obufanayo (ngokuqasha amamodeli angewona amaMaori, yebo, ezingutsheni nasezingilazini zakhe). Masibe ngokoqobo; I-Moko kulo mongo imane iwukuhlonipha imfashini kanye nendlela yokuheha ukunaka komphakathi.

Ukwengeza, inkinga ivela lapho i-New Zealand empeleni inoMkhandlu Wezobuciko Wama-Maori obhekele ukusetshenziswa okufanele kophawu lwentengiso lwe-Moko kanye nobuciko nemisebenzi yezandla yesi-Maori. Ukube u-Gaultier uxhumane nabo ngaphambi kokufaka i-moko eqoqweni lakhe, bekuyoba indaba ehlukile. Kodwa cha. Futhi qagela ukuthi amaMaori azizwa kanjani ngakho; bazizwa bengahloniphi.

Manje ake sibheke phambili ku-2022. Ngosuku lukaKhisimusi lwango-2021, umakadebona wentatheli ye-New Zealand Maori u-Orini Kaipara waqopha umlando ngokuba umshicileli wezindaba wokuqala ukusingatha ukusakazwa kazwelonke kwesikhathi esivelele esinomdwebo we-moko esilevini sakhe.

Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili noma amathathu edlule bekungeke kwenzeke, kodwa uKaipara wakwenza futhi waba sematheni emhlabeni jikelele. Abantu bazi ngakho ngoJanuwari 2022 futhi baphawula ngendlela manje esemukela ngayo amasiko ahlukene kanye namalebula ahloniphekile, kanye nesibindi sikaKaipara sokuma ngokuziqhenya phambi kwamakhamera.

Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni engu-15, kuningi okushintshile futhi, ngokungangabazeki, kuzoshintsha nakakhulu. Ukwabiwa kwezamasiko kuzuze ukubaluleka okukhulu kule minyaka embalwa edlule futhi abantu bagcine bezwela ekwabiweni kwamasiko okusobala, ukuntula imfundo kanye nolwazi olungaqondile ngamasiko athile namasiko awo, ikakhulukazi uma kusetshenziswa abantu bezinye izizinda namasiko.

Impela, abantu baseNtshonalanga bangase bangajwayeli abantu abanemidwebo egcwele ubuso, futhi ngokuqinisekile, bangase babe nesithakazelo esikweni likaMoko, kodwa lokho akuniki noma ubani ilungelo lokuthatha isiko lomunye umuntu futhi aliguqule libe i-tattoo yesizwe esithakazelisayo. Kubantu baseMaori, ama-moko tattoos abo angcwele, isixhumanisi sesikhathi esidlule namadlozi, kanye nobunikazi. Lokhu akufanele kube iphrojekthi ye-tattoo yomuntu engahleliwe lapho abantu baseMaori befisa ukuvikela isiko labo.

Moko design incazelo

Ukuze uqonde kangcono isizinda samasiko nendabuko kanye nencazelo yamatattoo e-moko, kubalulekile ukubheka ama-tattoo e-moko ngawodwana futhi uhlole izincazelo zawo.

Impilo yesokunxele

Lo mdwebo we-tattoo we-moko usekelwe emlandweni we-Maui. Manje uMaui wayengumncane kubazalwane aba-5. Lapho unina kaMaui emzala, wacabanga ukuthi uzelwe eshonile. Wabe esesika ibhanisi yakhe, wayisonga ngayo, wayiphonsa olwandle. Ekugcineni. UMaui uvele ogwini lolwandle lapho i-tohanga (umsebenzi onolwazi wanoma yiliphi ikhono/ubuciko) amthola khona.

Ngokwemvelo, i-tohunga yakhulisa uMauri futhi yamfundisa ukunyakaza kwakhe, owakhula futhi wakwazi amasu namakhono amaningana. Kukholakala ukuthi uMaui wandisa izinsuku, waletha umlilo kubantu futhi wacishe waqinisekisa ukungafi kuso sonke isintu. Ngokuvamile lena indaba yokuthi uMaui walithola kanjani izwe laseNew Zealand.

Nga Hau E Wah

Ihunyushelwa olimini lwesiNgisi, i-Nga Hau E Wha isho ukuthi "imimoya emine". Manje lo mdwebo we-tattoo we-moko umele amakhona amane eplanethi noma imimoya emine eshiwo ngaphambilini. Eqinisweni, indaba elandela umklamo ihlobene nemimoya emine emele imimoya emine ehlangana endaweni eyodwa. Abaningi bathi umklamo wemimoya emine umele abantu abavela emagumbini angu-4 eplanethi yethu. Njengoba indaba ngemuva kwalo mklamo ihlola onkulunkulu ababili baseMaori abanamandla, i-Tavirimatea ne-Tangaroa, lo mdwebo ubonisa inhlonipho ngonkulunkulu ukuze akhule futhi aphumelele ekuphileni.

I-Picorua

I-Picorua isho "ukukhula" ngolimi lwesiMaori, kodwa futhi isho "ukuxhumana kwezinto ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele" (isibonelo, umhlaba nolwandle, njengoba zixhunywe enganekwaneni ethandwayo yamaMaori). Lena incazelo evame kakhulu yencazelo yegama, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yendaba yemvelaphi yegama (kanye nomsuka womdwebo we-tattoo).

Umlando wemvelaphi yomuntu esikweni lamaMaori uxhumene noRanginui noPapatuanaku, okukholakala ukuthi bebendawonye kusukela kudala. Ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi uRangi noPapa, avela enganekwaneni yokudala yokuhlangana nokuhlukana, lapho uRangi ayengubaba wesibhakabhaka noPapatuanuku engumama womhlaba.

I-tattoo ibonisa indlela yokuphila nokuthi "yonke imifula iholela olwandle", okuyisingathekiso sokuthi sonke, osukwini lwethu, sibuyela kanjani kuMama woMhlaba.

Начало

I-Timatanga isho "ukuqala, ukuqala, isingeniso kanye nokuqala" ngesiNgisi. I-tattoo ye-Te Timatanga yindaba mayelana nokudalwa kwezwe nokuthi abantu bavela kanjani. Inganekwane yokudalwa kukaMauri ilandela indaba eshiwo ngenhla kaRanginui noPapatuanaku, noma uRangi noPapa. Manje uRangi noBaba base benezingane eziningi.

Njengoba bekhula, balwela ukuzimela nenkululeko eyengeziwe. UTumatauenga, ikakhulukazi, wanquma ukuhlukana nabazali bakhe ukuze abe nenkululeko eyengeziwe, futhi bonke abazalwane bazama ukulandela lesi sinqumo, ngaphandle kukaRuamoko, ngaleso sikhathi owayeseyingane encane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abazalwane baqala ukujezisana ngokulandela lo mbono noma ngokuwuphikisa. Abanye bajezisa abazalwane ngeziphepho, abanye ngokuzamazama komhlaba.

Sekukonke, i-tattoo ifanekisela lokho bonke abazali ababhekana nakho; ukunakekela izingane kuze kube yilapho zithatha isinqumo sokuqala impilo yazo futhi zihlukanise izindlela zazo kubazali bazo.

Izimpawu Ezivamile ze-Moco Tattoo

Ama-tattoos ama-Maori awawona nje imigqa namaphethini okungahleliwe, njengoba abantu abaningi becabanga. Iphethini ngayinye yomugqa imelela uphawu oluthile futhi idlulisela ulwazi oluthile. Ake sihlolisise izimpawu ze-moko tattoo ezivame kakhulu nokuthi zimelelani;

• Amaphakheji - leli phethini lifanekisela isibindi namandla, ajwayelekile kuma-tattoos wesilisa.
• Unaunahi - leli phethini lifanekisela izikali zezinhlanzi, futhi njengoba abantu baseMaori baziwa njengabadobi, futhi engavamile, umdwebo we-tattoo ufanekisela impilo nokuchichima.
• I-Hikuaua - Leli phethini livela esifundeni saseTaranaki eNew Zealand futhi lifanekisela ukuchuma nengcebo.
• UManaya - lolu phawu lubonisa uManaya noma umnakekeli ongokomoya. Uphawu luyinhlanganisela yomzimba womuntu, umsila wenhlanzi kanye nenyoni ngaphambili. UMqaphi ungumvikeli wezulu, umhlaba nolwandle.
• Ahu Ahu Mataroa - okukhumbuza iladi, lolu phawu lufanekisela impumelelo, ukunqoba izithiyo nezinselele ezintsha ekuphileni.
• hey madoda - Eyaziwa nangokuthi uphawu lwe-fish hook, i-Hei Matau iwuphawu lokuchuma; lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlanzi ziwukudla kwendabuko kwabantu baseMaori.
• Izikimu ze-torsion eyodwa - lifanekisela ukuphila phakade; okufana nophawu lwaseNtshonalanga lokungapheli.
• Jika kabili noma kathathu - lifanekisela ukuhlangana kwabantu ababili noma ngisho namasiko amabili kuze kube phakade. Ingenye yezimpawu ezidume kakhulu zobumbano lwamaMaori; ebuhleni nasebubini bempilo, siyesekelana futhi lowo umlayezo omuhle.
• Bark - lolu phawu oluvunguzayo lusho ukukhula, ukuvumelana neziqalo ezintsha. Kuthathwe emfanekisweni weqabunga le-fern elivuliwe (i-New Zealand iyaziwa ukuthi inama-ferns amahle kakhulu, okwenza le tattoo ibe nenjongo nakakhulu namasiko).

Ukugqoka i-tattoo ye-moco

Akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngama-tattoos wamaMaori ngaphandle kokuthinta izindaba zabantu abangewona amaMaori abagqoke i-moko. Ukwabiwa kwamasiko kubaluleke kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngalesi sihloko. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ama-tattoos amaMaori mahle ngendlela emangalisayo ngakho-ke ama-tattoos abantu abangewona amaMaori avame ukukhethwa. Abantu baseNtshonalanga bathanda kakhulu ukugqoka ama-tattoo e-Maori futhi isikhathi esiningi abazi nokuthi bagqokeni, ukuthi kusho ukuthini le tattoo, nokuthi inemvelaphi yamasiko.

Pho kungani lokhu kuyinkinga?

Ngaphandle kwalokho okusobala, njengokwabiwa kwamasiko, ukugqoka i-tattoo yesiMaori njengengeyena umMaori kubonisa ukuthi othile wehlisa incazelo eyinkimbinkimbi yomlando nengokomfanekiso ye-moko ibe iphethini yomugqa elula engahlangene nawe. Uyakhumbula sishilo ukuthi ama-moko tattoos ayindlela yobunikazi nokuqashelwa esikweni laseMauri?

Hhayi-ke, lokhu kusho nokuthi ama-moko tattoos akuwona nje ubuciko bokuhlobisa bomzimba. Babonisa ukuthi ubani omele abantu baseMaori, uyini umlando wakhe wesikhathi esidlule, isimo sakhe nokunye okuningi. Ngisho noma amanye ama-tattoos aseMaori ekhona yonke indawo, iningi lawo lingumuntu ngamunye futhi lihlukile emindenini ethile kuphela. Bafana nempahla yomuntu siqu edluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.

Futhi manje ungase uzibuze; ingabe umuntu ongeyena ummaori angayithola i-moko tattoo?

Okokuqala nje, amaMaori athanda ukwabelana ngesiko lawo. Iningi lamaMaori alinandaba ngempela lapho abantu abangewona amaMaori bethola ama-tattoo e-moko. Kodwa-ke, lawa ma-tattoos kufanele enziwe umdwebi we-tattoo waseMaori (ovame ukuchitha impilo yakhe yonke efunda leli khono).

Laba baculi kuphela abanelungelo lokwenza ama-tattoos e-Maori futhi baqonde ngempela zonke izimpawu zesiMaori ngendlela efanele. Uma kungenjalo, abaculi be-tattoo abangaqeqeshiwe abangewona amaMaori benza amaphutha futhi ngokuvamile basebenzisa amaphethini nemiklamo ehlukile emindenini ethile nezizwe zamaMaori (okufana nokuntshontsha ubunikazi babo kanye nempahla yomuntu siqu).

Kodwa kuthiwani uma ngifuna ngempela ukuthola i-tattoo yamaMaori? Nokho, abantu baseMaori banesixazululo esihle!

I-Kirituhi iyi-tattoo yesitayela se-Maori eyenziwa ngumdwebi we-tattoo ongeyena uMaori noma egqokwe umuntu ongeyena umMaori. Igama elithi "Kiri" ngesiMaori lisho "isikhumba", futhi elithi "tuhi" lisho "ukudweba, ukubhala, ukuhlobisa noma ukuhlobisa ngopende". I-Kirituhi iyindlela yokuthi abantu baseMaori babelane ngamasiko abo nalabo abafuna ukufunda ngawo, bawazise futhi bawahloniphe.

Ama-tattoo e-Kirituha ahlukile kuma-moko endabuko. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubuqotho bama-tattoos esiMaori awenzelwanga abantu abangewona amaMaori futhi ubuqotho be-moko kufanele buphakanyiswe, buqashelwe futhi buhlonishwe.

Ngakho-ke, uma ungeyena umMaori futhi ufuna ukuthola i-tattoo yesitayela se-Maori, i-Kirituhi iyona yakho. Uma ufuna ukuthola i-tattoo enjengale, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola abaculi be-tattoo be-Kirituha. Kufanele ubheke umdwebi we-tattoo oqeqeshelwe i-moko futhi owazi ngempela umehluko phakathi kwe-moko ne-kirituhi tattoo. Abanye abaculi be-tattoo bathi benza i-Kirituhi kuyilapho empeleni bekopisha imiklamo ye-tattoo ye-moko futhi basebenzise isiko lomunye umuntu.

Imicabango yokugcina

Abantu baseMaori badonsa kanzima nsuku zonke ukuze balondoloze amasiko namasiko abo. Umlando nokubaluleka kwamasiko kwe-moko kuveza umkhuba osekungamakhulu eminyaka ubudala ngakho-ke wonke umuntu kufanele awuhloniphe njengoba unikeza ukuqonda ngomlando womuntu. Yiqiniso, emhlabeni wanamuhla kunendawo ye-moko, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokuphana kwabantu baseMaori.

Ngenxa yama-tattoo e-kirituhi, abantu abangewona amaMaori bangajabulela ubuhle bama-tattoos esitayela samaMaori ngaphandle kokwamukela isiko labo. Ngithemba ukuthi isihloko sethu sinikeze ukuqonda okuningiliziwe ngemvelaphi yamasiko namasiko ama-tattoos aseMaori. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, vakashela amawebhusayithi e-Maori asemthethweni, ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga nge-tattoo yase-Kirituha.