ukubhema nokungabi namandla

Ukubhema akugcini nje ngokulimaza impilo yakho kodwa futhi kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho yocansi. Imiphumela yocwaningo ayicacile: ukubhema kwandisa ingozi yokungabi namandla ngaphezu kwama-50%.

1. Ukubhema vs. ulwazi lwethu ngabantu abasha

Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi ukubhema ugwayi yikona okuyinhloko

isizathu ukungabi namandla izinsizwa. Kubantu asebekhulile, kunezelwa izici eziyingozi ezengeziwe, njengesifo sikashukela, ukuphazamiseka kwe-lipid, nemithi ephuzwayo (isb., izidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive). Ukubhema ugwayi nje emadodeni anempilo (ngaphandle kwezinto ezengeziwe) kwandisa ingozi yokungabi namandla cishe ngama-54% eqenjini leminyaka engu-30-49. I-predisposition enkulu kakhulu yokungabi namandla ibonakala ngababhemayo abaneminyaka engama-35-40 - bajwayele izikhathi ezi-3 zokuphazamiseka kokungabi namandla kunoontanga babo abangabhemi.

Cishe amadoda angu-115 e-Poland aneminyaka engu-30-49 ahlushwa ukungabi namandla okuhlobene ngokuqondile nokubhema kwawo. Kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sibalo sibukelwa phansi, njengoba singabandakanyi ukungabi namandla kwababekade bebhema. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukubhema ugwayi kuqinisa futhi kusheshise izinkinga ezikhona kakade zamandla futhi ekugcineni kuyimbangela yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi edala ukungabi namandla eminyakeni edlule.

I-Nicotine iyinhlanganisela emuncwa kalula emlonyeni nasohlelweni lokuphefumula futhi ingene kalula ebuchosheni. Lapho ubhema ugwayi owodwa, cishe i-1-3 mg ye-nicotine imuncwa emzimbeni womuntu obhemayo (ugwayi owodwa uqukethe cishe u-6-11 mg we-nicotine). Imithamo emincane ye-nicotine ivuselela uhlelo oluzimele, i-peripheral sensory receptors kanye nokukhululwa kwama-catecholamines kuzindlala ze-adrenal (adrenaline, norepinephrine), okubangela isib. ukufinyela kwemisipha ebushelelezi (imisipha enjalo ihlanganisa, isibonelo, imithambo yegazi).

Ucwaningo lukhombise ngokusobala ubudlelwano obucacile phakathi kokuluthwa ugwayi kanye ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile. Nakuba izimbangela zingaqondwa ngokugcwele, imiphumela yokubhema ibonakala emithanjeni yegazi (i-spasm, umonakalo we-endothelial), onganciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi endodeni futhi kuholele ekuphelelweni amandla. Isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi esisebenza kahle epipini sinomthwalo omkhulu wokuqhanyelwa okufanele. Kubantu ababhemayo abangenamandla, kunezinto eziningi ezingavamile, ukwenzeka kwazo okuhlotshaniswa nemiphumela eyingozi ye-nicotine nezinye izinhlanganisela eziqukethwe intuthu kagwayi:

• umfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu ezitsheni (okubangelwa ukulimala kwe-endothelium yemikhumbi yizingxenye zentuthu kagwayi. I-endothelium eyonakele ayikhiqizi i-nitric oxide eyanele - i-compound enesibopho se-vasodilation ngesikhathi sokumiswa) - ngenxa yalokho, inani ukugeleza kwegazi epipini kuncipha. I-endothelium yonakaliswa ngemva kokubhema isikhathi eside, bese kuba nezinguquko ze-atherosclerotic;
• ukunikezwa kwegazi okulinganiselwe (i-arterial spasm) - ngenxa yokucasuka kwesistimu ye-autonomic (nervous);
• ukuvinjelwa okusheshayo kwemithambo yegazi epipini, njengomphumela oqondile futhi osheshayo weqiniso lokuthi i-nicotine ivuselela ubuchopho, inciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi le-arterial ukuya epipini;
• ukuphuma kwegazi (ukuvuleka kwemithambo) - umshini wevalvu ogcina igazi ngaphakathi epipini wonakaliswa i-nicotine egazini (ukuphuma kwegazi ngokweqile epipini nakho kungabangelwa ezinye izimbangela, njengokushuba kwezinzwa);
• ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-fibrinogen - kwandisa ikhono lokuhlanganisa (okungukuthi, ukwenza amahlule egazi emithanjeni emincane, ngaleyo ndlela kube nzima ukunikezwa kwegazi).

2. Ukubhema ugwayi kanye nekhwalithi yesidoda

Kuvame kakhulu nakubantu ababhemayo. ukuqhanyelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwesidoda. Ovamile ongabhemi phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-50 ukhiqiza cishe u-3,5 ml wesidoda. Ngokuphambene, ababhemayo abaseqenjini leminyaka efanayo bakhiqiza kuphela u-1,9 ml wesidoda ngokwesilinganiso, kancane kakhulu. Yilokhu okukhiqizwa umuntu oneminyaka engama-60-70 ubudala, futhi izinga lokuzalwa liyancishiswa ngokufanayo.

Izingxenye ezinobuthi zomusi kagwayi azithinti kuphela inani, kodwa futhi ikhwalithi yesidoda. Umsebenzi wesidoda, ubungqabavu kanye nokukwazi ukunyakaza kuyancishiswa. Kukhona futhi ukwanda kwephesenti le-spermatozoa ekhubazekile kanye nenani le-spermatozoa, esimweni lapho ucwaningo lwamangqamuzana lubonisa ukuhlukaniswa kwe-DNA ngokweqile. Uma ukuhlukaniswa kwe-DNA kutholakala ku-15% wesidoda kusampula, isidoda sichazwa njengesiphelele; Ukuhlukaniswa kusuka ku-15 kuya ku-30% kuwumphumela omuhle.

Kubantu ababhemayo, ukuhlukana kuvame ukuthikameza ngaphezu kuka-30% wesidoda - isidoda esinjalo, ngisho nesidoda ngenye indlela evamile, sichazwa njengesingekho ezingeni. Lapho ufinyelela ugwayi, kufanele uqaphele yonke imiphumela yokubhema. Intsha ivamise ukungaziboni izingozi zokubhema bese ikhohlwa ngemiphumela yako. Kodwa-ke, kunezindaba ezinhle: ngemuva kokuyeka ukubhema, ungathuthukisa ngokushesha ikhwalithi yesidoda futhi ubuyele ekumisweni okugcwele, inqobo nje uma i-endothelium ingazange ilimale, futhi ukuphelelwa amandla kwavela ngenxa yokusabela okunamandla komzimba ku-nicotine (ukwenziwa kusebenze kwe-endothelium). uhlelo lokuzimela kanye nokukhululwa kwe-adrenaline).

Ingabe udinga ukubonisana nodokotela, i-e-issuance noma i-e-prescription? Iya kuwebhusayithi ethi abcZdrowie Thola udokotela futhi ngokushesha uhlele isikhathi sokulala esibhedlela nochwepheshe abavela kulo lonke elasePoland noma nge-teleportation.

I-athikili ibuyekezwe uchwepheshe:

U-anyanini. Tomasz Szafarowski

Uthole iziqu eMedical University of Warsaw, njengamanje onguchwepheshe be-otolaryngology.