Isidoda - isakhiwo, ukukhiqizwa, anomalies

I-Spermatozoa amangqamuzana egciwane wesilisa adingekayo ekuzaleni ngokocansi. Emadodeni, anobude obungama-microns angaba ngu-60 futhi akhiwa kule nqubo i-spermatogenesis. Kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-16, kodwa kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezi-2 ukukhiqiza sonke isidoda esivuthiwe. Uma izifo zenzeka emjikelezweni wokuqala, izinga lesidoda lingase liwohloke.

1. Isidoda - isakhiwo

I-spermatozoa evuthwe ngokugcwele yakhiwe ikhanda nentamo futhi ubude bazo cishe 60 µm. Ikhanda lesidoda limise okweqanda. Ubude mayelana nama-microns angu-4-5, ububanzi bungama-microns angu-3-4. Ngaphakathi, iqukethe i-nucleus yeseli equkethe i-DNA ne-acrosome. I-acrosome iqukethe ama-enzyme e-proteolytic anesibopho sokungena ngolwelwesi olusobala lwamaseli egciwane labesifazane. I-Vitek iyisici esibhekene nokunyakaza kwe-spermatozoa. Lesi sakhi siqukethe intamo kanye nokufaka. Intamo iyingxenye yokuqala ye-twine futhi ixhuma ikhanda lesidoda kuyo yonke i-twine. I-insert, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingenye into ecashile yesakhiwo sesidoda.

2. Isidoda - ukukhiqizwa

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-spermatozoa emadodeni kubizwa ngokuthi inqubo i-spermatogenesis. Phakathi nenkathi yokuthomba ebafaneni, amaseli akhiwa kumashubhu avela ku-stem cells ngemva kwe-mitosis, abizwa ngokuthi. i-spermatogonia. I-follicle-stimulating hormone bese idala ukuhlukana nge-mitosis. Kulesi sigaba, zikhona ama-spermatocyte ayala i-XNUMX. Kamuva, ama-spermatocyte e-oda lokuqala angena inqubo ye-meiosis lapho akhiwa khona ama-spermatocyte ayala i-XNUMX.

Lawa maseli aphinde adlule ohlelweni lwe-meiosis futhi akhe i-spermatozoa. Bese bephenduka i-spermatozoa enenombolo ye-haploid yama-chromosome. Phakathi nayo yonke inqubo, inani le-cytoplasm kanye nenani lama-cell organelles liyancipha. I-nucleus yeseli ithatha uhlobo lwekhanda, futhi ingxenye ye-Golgi apparatus ishintsha ibe i-acrosome equkethe ama-enzyme adingekayo ukuze kungene iqanda.

Yonke inqubo ye-spermatogenesis ingaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-hormone ye-testosterone, futhi umjikelezo ogcwele we-spermatogenesis yomuntu uthatha cishe izinsuku ezingu-72-74.

3. Isidoda - ama-anomalies

I-Spermatozoa amangqamuzana adingekayo enqubo yokuvundisa. Nokho, kunezinto ezihlukahlukene ezingavamile ezingathinta lawa maseli, okuholela emizamweni engaphumeleli yokukhulelwa. Phakathi kwalokhu kuphulwa, umuntu angakwazi ukuhlukanisa lezo ezihlotshaniswa nesakhiwo esingavamile, ubuningi, umthamo wesidoda esikhiqizwa noma ukuhamba. Ngokuqondene nesakhiwo se-spermatozoa, ukukhubazeka kungathinta zonke izakhi zesakhiwo sabo futhi kubizwa ngokuthi i-teratozoospermia. Uma kubhekwa inani lesidoda ku-ejaculate, okulandelayo kungabonwa: I-azoospermia (ukungabikho kwe-spermatozoa ku-ejaculate), i-oligospermia (isibalo sesidoda esiphansi kakhulu ku-ejaculate) kanye i-cryptozoospermia (lapho kubonakala i-spermatozoa eyodwa kuphela ku-ejaculate). Izinkinga zevolumu yesidoda zihlukaniswe zibe: i-aspermia (lapho kukhishwa ngaphansi kuka-0,5 ml wesidoda ekuphumeni okukodwa), i-hypospermia (uma inani lingaphansi kuka-2 ml), i-hyperspermia (lapho inani lesidoda lingaphezu kuka-6 ml). I-Asthenozoospermia yigama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukuhamba kwesidoda okungavamile, kuyilapho ngokwemithetho yamanje, ngaphezu kwe-32% yesidoda kufanele ibonise ukuhamba phambili.

Bheka futhi: Ingabe isintu silindele ukufa? Isidoda siyafa

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