Kungani abamnyama besengozini yokubulawa yi-melanoma kunezinye izinhlanga

Bonke abantu bangahlaselwa umdlavuza wesikhumba, kungakhathaliseki ibala lesikhumba noma uhlanga. Siyaphinda: akekho ongagonyiwe umdlavuza wesikhumba. Ucabanga ukuthi wena isikhumba esimnyama uphephile kusuka ukulimala kwelanga iyinganekwane embi, ngokocwaningo olwenziwe ku Ijenali ye-American Academy of Dermatology - kungalimaza. Lapho kuqhathaniswa amazinga okusinda kwe-melanoma kuzo zonke izinhlanga, ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi abantu abamnyama banezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokusinda, nengxenye ephezulu ye-melanoma yesikhumba yakamuva (izigaba II-IV) kuleli qembu uma kuqhathaniswa nabamhlophe. Isiphetho? Kudingeka ukunakwa okwengeziwe ekuhlolweni kwe-melanoma kanye nokuqwashisa abantu abangebona abelungu ukuze kusizwe ngcono imiphumela yokusinda.

Iyini i-melanoma? 

Ake siqale ngezisekelo. I-Melanoma iwuhlobo olubulala kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba, ngokusho kuka Umdlavuza wesikhumba. Lokhu kukhula okunomdlavuza kwenzeka lapho umonakalo we-DNA ongalungisiwe emangqamuzaneni esikhumba, ngokuyinhloko okubangelwa imisebe ye-ultraviolet evela elangeni noma imibhede yokushuka, kubangela ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okubangela ukuba amangqamuzana esikhumba ande ngokushesha, akhe izimila eziyingozi. Imvamisa, i-melanoma ingafana nama-moles, kanti amanye aze athuthuke kusuka kuma-moles.

Ungaweli enganekwaneni

Uma ucabanga ukuthi isikhumba sakho esimnyama asidingi i-sunscreen SPF ebanzi - lokhu kusho ukuthi ingavikela kuyo yomibili imisebe ye-UVA nemisebe ye-UVB. Sekuyisikhathi sokuthi uzimisele ngokuvikeleka elangeni. Ngokuvumelana ne I-Skin Cancer Foundation, iningi lomdlavuza wesikhumba lihlotshaniswa nemisebe yelanga eyingozi e-ultraviolet noma ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okukhiqizwa imibhede yokushuka. Nakuba isikhumba esimnyama sikhiqiza i-melanin eyengeziwe, engasiza ekuvikeleni isikhumba, sisengashiswa yilanga futhi sibangele umdlavuza wesikhumba ngenxa yemisebe ye-ultraviolet. Inkinga enkulu ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ngaleli qiniso. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi u-63% wabahlanganyeli abamnyama uvumile ukuthi abakaze basebenzise i-sunscreen. 

I-Dermatologist Eqinisekisiwe kanye Nochwepheshe be-Skincare.com UDkt. Lisa Jeanne uyavuma ukuthi kufanele kubekwe kuqala kuqala Isivikelo se-UV samathoni esikhumba omnqumo namnyama okungenzeka ukuthi abazi ukuthi bayayidinga. Uthi: “Ngeshwa, ngokuvamile kusuke sekwephuze kakhulu lapho sithola umdlavuza wesikhumba ezigulini ezinalowo mbala.

Thatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele

Ukuze ugweme izimpawu ezibonakalayo zokuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokulimala kwesikhumba, zonke izinhlobo zesikhumba namathoni kufanele zithathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo. Khumbula: Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile, ngakho kubalulekile ukuskenwa kwesikhumba konyaka ngudokotela.

Gqoka i-SPF ye-spectrum ebanzi nsuku zonke: Gcoba i-SPF 15 noma ngaphezulu engangeni manzi nsuku zonke kuzo zonke izikhumba eziveziwe. Sincoma I-CeraVe Hydrating Mineral Sunscreen SPF 30 Face Sheer Tint, engashiyi ingubo emhlophe ezindaweni ezijulile zesikhumba. Faka isicelo kabusha okungenani njalo emahoreni amabili, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuthawula, ukujuluka noma ukubhukuda. Inothi Lomhleli: Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi okwamanje asikho isithako sokuvikela ilanga emakethe esingahluza ngokuphelele u-100% wemisebe yelanga eyingozi, ngakho-ke kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuvikela ilanga. 

Gwema I-Peak Sunshine: Ingabe uya ngaphandle isikhathi eside? Gwema amahora amaningi okukhanya kwelanga - 10 a.m. kuya ku-4 p.m. - lapho imisebe iqonde kakhulu futhi inamandla. Uma kufanele ube ngaphandle, bheka umthunzi ngaphansi kwesambulela, isihlahla, noma isisitho selanga, bese ugcoba i-sunscreen. 

Gwema imibhede yokushuka: Ucabanga ukuthi ukushuka endlini kuphephe kakhudlwana kunokushiswa ilanga? Cabanga futhi. Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi awukho umbhede “ophephile” wokushukwa, umbhede wokushukwa, noma umbhede wokushuka. Eqinisweni, i-AAD ibika ukuthi manje Iseshini eyodwa yokushuka endlini ingakhuphula ubungozi bakho bokuthola i-melanoma ngo-20%  

Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela: Ubuwazi ukuthi izingubo zingavikela isikhumba sakho emisebeni yelanga eyingozi ye-UV uma ungakwazi ukuhlala endlini noma ukuthola umthunzi? Izingubo zingasiza ukuvimba imisebe ye-UV eyingozi esichayeka kuyo lapho singaphandle. Gqoka amahembe amade namabhulukwe, khetha izigqoko ezinompheme obanzi nezibuko zelanga ezinokuvikela kwe-UV. Uma kushisa kakhulu ngaphandle, khetha izindwangu ezingasindi eziphefumulayo ezingeke zikusinde.  

Hlola izimpawu eziyisixwayiso: Hlola isikhumba sakho nyanga zonke ukuze uthole ama-moles amasha noma ashintshayo, izilonda, noma amamaki. Abanye Umdlavuza wesikhumba ungelapheka uma usheshe wabanjwangakho lesi sinyathelo singenza umehluko omkhulu. Indlela enhle yokubheka izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ukusebenzisa indlela ye-ABCDE. Lapho uhlola ama-moles, qaphela izici ezilandelayo ezibalulekile: 

• A we-asymmetry: ama-moles ajwayelekile ngokuvamile ayindilinga futhi ayalingana. Uma udwebe umugqa onqamula imvukuzane yakho futhi uthole ukuthi amahhafu amabili awahambelani, i-asymmetry iwuphawu olucacile oluyisixwayiso lwe-melanoma.
• B yemingcele: ama-benig moles azoba nemingcele ebushelelezi futhi ngaphandle kwe-scallops.
• C for Color: Ama-moles ajwayelekile anombala owodwa kuphela, njengomthunzi owodwa onsundu.
• D for Diameter: Ama-moles ajwayelekile avame ukuba mancane ngobubanzi kunama-malignant.
• I-E - Evolution: ama-benign moles abukeka afana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Qaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko kusayizi, umbala, ukuma, nobude bemvukuzane yakho nezimpawu zokuzalwa. Ukuze uthole ukuskena okuningiliziwe, yenza i-aphoyintimenti nochwepheshe.

Thola ukuhlolwa kwakho kwesikhumba kwaminyaka yonke: Yenza isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela wesikhumba ukuze uhlolwe ngokuphelele okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela noma imaphi amamaki asolisayo noma izilonda esebenzisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo nengilazi yokukhulisa, futhi askene izindawo okunzima ukuzifinyelela.