Izifo zesikhumba: izinhlobo, izimpawu, ukwelashwa nokuvimbela

Uhlolojikelele

Ziyini izifo zesikhumba?

Isikhumba sakho siyisitho esikhulu esivala futhi sivikele umzimba wakho. Isikhumba sakho senza imisebenzi eminingi. Isebenzela:

• Ukugcina uketshezi kanye nokuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Ikusiza ukuthi uzwe imizwa efana nomkhuhlane noma ubuhlungu.
• Gwema amagciwane, amagciwane, nezinye izimbangela zokutheleleka.
• Zinzisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba.
• Hlanganisa (dala) uvithamini D ekuphenduleni ukuchayeka elangeni.

Izifo zesikhumba zihlanganisa zonke izimo ezivala, ezicasulayo, noma ezivutha isikhumba. Ngokuvamile, izimo zesikhumba zibangela ukuqubuka noma ezinye izinguquko ekubukeni kwesikhumba.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezifo zesikhumba?

Ezinye izimo zesikhumba zincane. Ezinye zibangela izimpawu ezinzima. Izifo zesikhumba ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Izinduna, ama-follicle esikhumba avinjiwe aholela ekuqoqweni kwamafutha, amagciwane kanye nesikhumba esifile ezimbotsheni zakho.
• alopecia areataukulahlekelwa izinwele ngamabala amancane.
• I-atopic dermatitis (i-eczema), isikhumba esomile, esilumayo esiphumela ekuvuvukeni, ekuqhekekeni, noma ekushwabaneni.
• I-Psoriasis, isikhumba esinotwayi esingase sivuvuke noma sishise.
• I-Raynaud phenomenon, ukwehla ngezikhathi ezithile kokugeleza kwegazi eminwe, ezinzwaneni, noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, okubangela ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuguquguquka kwesikhumba.
• I-Rosacea, ububomvu, isikhumba esiminyene namaqhubu, ngokuvamile ebusweni.
• Umdlavuza wesikhumba, ukukhula okungalawuleki kwamangqamuzana esikhumba angavamile.
• I-Vitiligo, izindawo zesikhumba ezilahlekelwa umbala.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo zesikhumba ezingavamile ezikhona?

Izimo eziningi zesikhumba ezingavamile ziwufuzo, okusho ukuthi uzizuza njengefa. Izimo zesikhumba ezingavamile zihlanganisa:

• I-Actinic pruritus (AP), ukuqubuka okulumayo ngenxa yokuchayeka elangeni.
• i-argyria, ukuguquguquka kwesikhumba ngenxa yokunqwabelana kwesiliva emzimbeni.
• i-chromidrosis,umjuluko wemibala.
• i-epidermolysis bullosa, isifo sezicubu ezixhumeneyo esenza isikhumba sibe ntekenteke esinamabhamuza nezinyembezi kalula.
• I-Harlequin ichthyosis, amabala aqinile, aqinile noma amapuleti esikhumbeni esikhona ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
• I-Lamellar ichthyosis, ungqimba lwesikhumba olunengcina oluphuma emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okuphila, luveze isikhumba esinoqweqwe olubomvu.
• I-Lipoid necrobiosis, ukuqubuka ezinqeni okungaba yizilonda (izilonda).

Izimpawu Nezimbangela

Yini ebangela izifo zesikhumba?

Izici ezithile zokuphila zingaholela ekuthuthukiseni isifo sesikhumba. Izimo zempilo ezingaphansi zingathinta isikhumba sakho. Izimbangela ezivamile zezifo zesikhumba zihlanganisa:

• Amagciwane angena ezimbotsheni noma ezimbotsheni zezinwele.
• Izimo ezithinta indlala yegilo, izinso, noma amasosha omzimba.
• Ukuthintana nezinto ezibangela imvelo njengezinto ezingezwani nomzimba noma isikhumba somunye umuntu.
• Izakhi zofuzo
• Isikhunta noma izimuncagazi ezihlala esikhunjeni sakho.
• Imithi, isibonelo, yokwelapha isifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD).
• Amagciwane.
• Isifo sikashukela.
• Ilanga.

Yiziphi izimpawu zezifo zesikhumba?

Izimpawu zezimo zesikhumba ziyehluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo onaso. Ukushintsha kwesikhumba akuhlali kuhlotshaniswa nezifo zesikhumba. Isibonelo, ungathola i-blister ngokugqoka izicathulo ezingalungile. Nokho, lapho izinguquko zesikhumba zivela ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo, zingase zihlobane nesifo esiwumsuka sezempilo.

Njengomthetho, izifo zesikhumba zingabangela:

• Izindawo ezinemibala yesikhumba (i-pigmentation engavamile).
• Isikhumba esomile.
• Izilonda ezivulekile, izilonda noma izilonda.
• Ukucwecwa kwesikhumba.
• Ukuqubuka, mhlawumbe ngokuluma noma ubuhlungu.
• Amaqhubu abomvu, amhlophe, noma agcwele ubomvu.
• Isikhumba esinama-scaly noma esimangelengele.

Ukuxilongwa nokuhlolwa

Sitholakala kanjani isifo sesikhumba?

Ngokuvamile, uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakwazi ukuxilonga isimo sesikhumba ngokubheka isikhumba ngamehlo. Uma ukubukeka kwesikhumba sakho kunganikezi izimpendulo ezicacile, udokotela wakho angasebenzisa izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

• I-Biopsyukukhipha isiqeshana sesikhumba ukuze sihlolwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.
• Amasikongokuthatha isampula lesikhumba ukuhlola amagciwane, isikhunta, noma amagciwane.
• Ukuhlolwa kwebala lesikhumbangokusebenzisa inani elincane lezinto ukuhlola ukungezwani komzimba.
• Ukuhlolwa kokukhanya okumnyama (ukuhlolwa kukaWood) kusetshenziswa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV) ukuze ubone umbala wesikhumba sakho ngokucacile.
• I-Diascopyngenkathi ucindezela isibonakhulu slide ngokumelene nesikhumba ukuze ubone ukuthi isikhumba siyashintsha yini umbala.
• i-dermoscopyusebenzisa umshini ophathwayo obizwa nge-dermatoscope ukuze uhlole izilonda esikhumbeni.
• Ukuhlolwa kukaZank, ukuhlola uketshezi oluvela kubhamuza ukuze kube khona i-herpes simplex noma i-herpes zoster.

Ukuphatha nokwelashwa

Zelashwa kanjani izifo zesikhumba?

Izimo eziningi zesikhumba zisabela kahle ekwelashweni. Kuye ngesimo, udokotela wesikhumba (udokotela obhekele izimo zesikhumba) noma omunye umhlinzeki wezempilo angase atuse:

• Ama-antibiotics.
• Ama-Antihistamines.
• Ukukhishwa kabusha kwesikhumba se-laser.
• Ama-creams, ama-ointments noma ama-gel.
• Ama-moisturizers.
• Izidakamizwa zomlomo (ezithathwe ngomlomo).
• Amaphilisi e-steroid, okhilimu noma imijovo.
• izinqubo zokuhlinza.

Ungakwazi futhi ukunciphisa izimpawu zezimo zesikhumba ngokwenza izinguquko zokuphila:

• Gwema noma ubeke umkhawulo ekudleni okuthile, njengoshukela noma imikhiqizo yobisi, uma kunconywa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.
• Lawula ingcindezi.
• Landela imithetho yenhlanzeko, kuhlanganise nokunakekelwa okufanele kwesikhumba.
• Gwema ukuphuza ngokweqile nokubhema.

ukuvimbela

Ingabe zikhona izimo ezingibeka engcupheni eyengeziwe yokuba nesifo sesikhumba?

Izimo ezithile zempilo zingandisa amathuba akho okuba nesifo sesikhumba. Kungenzeka ukuthi ube nezinguquko zesikhumba noma izimpawu uma une:

• Isifo sikashukela: Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bangase babe nenkinga yokupholisa amanxeba, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni.
• Isifo sofuba esiswini (IBD): Eminye imithi ye-IBD ingaholela ezinkingeni zesikhumba ezifana ne-vitiligo noma i-eczema.
• Volchanka: Lesi simo esingelapheki singaholela ekuvuvukeni nasezinkingeni zesikhumba njengokuqubuka, izilonda noma amabala esikhunjeni.

Ukushintsha kwesikhumba kungase futhi kube umphumela wokukhulelwa, ukucindezeleka, noma izinguquko zamahomoni. Isibonelo, i-melasma yisifo sesikhumba esivamile esithinta abesifazane abakhulelwe. Izimo ezifana ne-alopecia areata, induna, i-Raynaud's phenomenon, noma i-rosacea zingaba zimbi nakakhulu uma ucindezelekile.

Indlela yokuvimbela izifo zesikhumba?

Ezinye izifo zesikhumba azikwazi ukuvinjelwa. Isibonelo, akunakwenzeka ukushintsha ufuzo lwakho noma ukuvimbela isifo sokuzivikela komzimba.

Ungathatha izinyathelo zokugwema izifo zesikhumba ezithathelwanayo noma ezithathelwanayo. Ungavimbela noma unciphise izimpawu zezifo zesikhumba ezithathelwanayo ngokuthi:

• Gwema ukwabelana ngezitsha, izinto zomuntu siqu, noma izimonyo.
• Khipha amagciwane izinto ozisebenzisa ezindaweni zomphakathi, njengemishini yokuzivocavoca.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi futhi udle ukudla okunempilo.
• Nciphisa ukuthintana nezinto ezicasulayo noma amakhemikhali anokhahlo.
• Lala amahora ayisikhombisa kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ebusuku.
• Sebenzisa ukuvikela ilanga ukuvikela ukushiswa yilanga nokunye ukulimala kwelanga.
• Geza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi.

I-Outlook / Isibikezelo

Ingabe izimo zesikhumba ngokuvamile ziyabuya ngemva kokwelashwa?

Izifo eziningi zesikhumba zingapheli (isikhathi eside). Ukwelashwa kungase kunciphise izimpawu, kodwa kungase kudingeke ukuthi uqhubeke uphuza imithi noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukuze ugweme izimpawu zakho.

Ezinye izimo zesikhumba ziyaphela ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Ungase futhi ube nezikhathi zokuxolelwa (izinyanga noma iminyaka ngaphandle kwezimpawu).

Phila ne

Yini enye okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Futhi ungabuza umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo:

• Yini okungenzeka ukuthi iyimbangela yalesi simo sesikhumba?
• Yiziphi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezinganciphisa izimpawu?
• Ngidinga ukuthatha imithi?
• Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
• Uma ngikhetha ukungalashwa, ingabe isimo sami sizoba sibi?

Inothi elivela eCleveland Clinic

Izifo zesikhumba zihlanganisa zonke izimo ezicasulayo, ezivala, noma ezilimaza isikhumba, kanye nomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ungazuza njengefa isimo sesikhumba noma ube nesifo sesikhumba. Izimo eziningi zesikhumba zibangela ukulunywa, isikhumba esomile, noma ukuqubuka. Ngokuvamile, ungakwazi ukuphatha lezi zimpawu ngemithi, ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba okufanele, kanye nezinguquko zokuphila. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kunganciphisa izimpawu futhi kuzigcine zingekho izinyanga. Izimo eziningi zesikhumba azipheli ngokuphelele. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola isikhumba sakho ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izinguquko, kufaka phakathi amabala amasha noma angapholi noma izinguquko kuma-moles. Iningi lemidlavuza yesikhumba ingelapheka uma itholakele futhi ilashwa kusenesikhathi.