I-Raynaud phenomenon

Uhlolojikelele lwe-Raynaud phenomenon

I-Raynaud's phenomenon yisimo lapho imithambo yegazi emaphethelweni iminyene, evimbela ukugeleza kwegazi. Iziqephu noma "ukuhlasela" ngokuvamile kuthinta iminwe nezinzwani. Akuvamile, ukuquleka kwenzeka kwezinye izindawo, njengezindlebe noma ikhala. Ukuhlaselwa kuvame ukuvela ngenxa yokuchayeka emakhazeni noma ekucindezelekeni ngokomzwelo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zesenzo sikaRaynaud - esiyinhloko nesesibili. Ifomu eliyinhloko alinayo imbangela eyaziwayo, kodwa ifomu lesibili lihlotshaniswa nenye inkinga yezempilo, ikakhulukazi izifo ezizimele ezifana ne-lupus noma i-scleroderma. Ifomu lesibili livame ukuba nzima kakhulu futhi lidinga ukwelashwa okunamandla.

Kubantu abaningi, ukuguquka kwendlela yokuphila, njengokuhlala ufudumele, kugcina izimpawu zilawulwa, kodwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiwe kuholela ezilonda zesikhumba noma i-gangrene (ukufa kwezicubu nokuwohloka). Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni isimo sibucayi kangakanani nokuthi singesokuqala noma sesibili.

Ubani Othola I-Phenomenon kaRaynaud?

Noma ubani angathola isenzakalo sikaRaynaud, kodwa sivame kakhulu kwabanye abantu kunabanye. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili, futhi izici zobungozi ngayinye zihlukile.

Firm okuyisisekelo uhlobo lwesenzakalo sikaRaynaud, imbangela yayo engaziwa, ihlotshaniswe nalokhu:

• Ucansi. Abesifazane bayithola kaningi kunabesilisa.
• Ubudala. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-30 futhi ngokuvamile iqala ebusheni.
• Umlando womndeni we-Raynaud phenomenon. Abantu abanelungu lomndeni elinesimo sikaRaynaud basengozini enkulu yokuzitholela bona, okuphakamisa isixhumanisi sofuzo.

Firm okwesibili uhlobo lwesenzakalo sikaRaynaud senzeka ngokuhambisana nesinye isifo noma ukuchayeka kwemvelo. Izici ezihlotshaniswa ne-Raynaud yesibili zihlanganisa:

• Izifo. Phakathi kwezifo ezivame kakhulu i-lupus, i-scleroderma, i-myositis evuthayo, i-rheumatoid arthritis, ne-Sjögren's syndrome. Izimo ezifana nokuphazamiseka okuthile kwe-thyroid, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, kanye ne-carpal tunnel syndrome nazo zihlotshaniswa nefomu lesibili.
• Imithi. Imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-migraines, noma i-attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ingase ibangele izimpawu ezifana ne-Raynaud's phenomenon noma ibe yimbi kakhulu i-Raynaud's phenomenon.
• Ukuchayeka okuhlobene nomsebenzi. Ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe kwezindlela zokudlidliza (njenge-jackhammer) noma ukuchayeka emakhazeni noma amakhemikhali athile.

Izinhlobo ze-Raynaud's Phenomenon

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zesenzo sikaRaynaud.

• Isenzo sikaRaynaud esiyinhloko akanaso isizathu esaziwayo. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo.
• Isenzo se-Raynaud yesibili ehambisana nenye inkinga njengesifo se-rheumatic njenge-lupus noma i-scleroderma. Leli fomu lingase futhi lisekelwe ezintweni ezifana nokuchayeka emakhazeni noma amakhemikhali athile. Ifomu lesibili alivamile kakhulu kodwa ngokuvamile linzima kakhulu kunelokuqala ngenxa yokulimala emithanjeni yegazi.

Izimpawu ze-Raynaud's Phenomenon

Isenzakalo sikaRaynaud senzeka lapho iziqephu noma "ukulingana" kuthinta izingxenye ezithile zomzimba, ikakhulukazi iminwe nezinzwane, okubangela ukuba zibande, zibe ndikindiki, futhi zishintshe umbala. Ukuchayeka emakhazeni kuyimbangela evame kakhulu, njengalapho uthatha ingilazi yamanzi eqhwa noma ukhipha okuthile efrijini. Ukushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa lendawo, njengokungena esitolo esineziphephetha-moya ngosuku olufudumele, kungase kubangele ukuhlasela.

Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, ukubhema ugwayi, kanye ne-vaping nakho kungabangela izimpawu. Izingxenye zomzimba ngaphandle kweminwe nezinzwane, njengezindlebe noma ikhala, nazo zingase zithinteke.

Ukuhlasela kukaRaynaud. Ukuhlasela okuvamile kwenzeka kanje:

• Isikhumba sengxenye yomzimba ethintekile siyaphaphatheka noma sibe mhlophe ngenxa yokuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi.
• Le ndawo ibe isiba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi izizwa ibanda futhi indikindiki njengoba igazi elisele ezicutshini lilahlekelwa umoya-mpilo.
• Ekugcineni, njengoba ufudumala futhi ukujikeleza kwegazi kubuya, indawo iba bomvu futhi ingase ivuvuke, ilume, ishise, noma ishaye.

Ekuqaleni, umunwe owodwa noma uzwane kungase kuthinteke; khona-ke ingahamba iye kweminye iminwe nezinzwani. Izithupha zithinteka kancane kuneminye iminwe. Ukuhlasela kungathatha imizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa, futhi ubuhlungu obuhlobene nesiqephu ngasinye bungahluka.

Izilonda zesikhumba kanye ne-gangrene. Abantu abanesimo esibi sikaRaynaud bangase babe nezilonda ezincane, ezibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi ezihlokweni zeminwe noma izinzwane zabo. Ezimweni ezingavamile, isiqephu eside (izinsuku) sokuntuleka komoya-mpilo ezicutshini singaholela ekuqhameni (ukufa kwamangqamuzana nokubola kwezicubu zomzimba).

Kubantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abanesimo esiyinhloko se-Raynaud's phenomenon, izimpawu zithambile futhi azibangeli ukukhathazeka okuningi. Abantu abanesimo sesibili bavame ukuba nezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu.

Izimbangela ze-Raynaud's Phenomenon

Ososayensi abazi kahle ukuthi kungani abanye abantu behlakulela ukwenzeka kukaRaynaud, kodwa bayaqonda ukuthi ukuquleka kwenzeka kanjani. Lapho umuntu echayeka emakhazeni, umzimba uzama ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa nokugcina izinga lokushisa kwawo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imithambo yegazi engxenyeni engaphezulu yesikhumba iyancibilika (encane), ihambisa igazi elisuka emithanjeni eseduze nobuso liye emithanjeni ejulile emzimbeni.

Kubantu abane-Raynaud's syndrome, imithambo yegazi ezingalweni nasemilenzeni isabela emakhazeni noma ekucindezelekeni, ibopha ngokushesha, futhi ihlale iminyene isikhathi eside. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi isikhumba sibe mnyama noma sibe mhlophe bese siphenduka sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengoba igazi elisele emithanjeni liphelelwa umoya-mpilo. Ekugcineni, lapho ufudumala futhi imithambo yegazi inweba futhi, isikhumba siba bomvu futhi singashoshozela noma sishise.

Izici eziningi, ezihlanganisa izimpawu zemizwa nama-hormone, zilawula ukugeleza kwegazi esikhumbeni, futhi isenzakalo sikaRaynaud senzeka lapho lesi simiso esiyinkimbinkimbi siphazamiseka. Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo kukhipha ama-molecule akhombisayo abangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi iqine, ngakho ukukhathazeka kungabangela ukuhlaselwa.

Isimo sika-Raynaud esiyinhloko sithinta abesifazane abaningi kunabesilisa, okuphakamisa ukuthi i-estrogen ingase idlale indima kuleli fomu. Izakhi zofuzo nazo zingase zihileleke: ingozi yesifo iphezulu kubantu abanezihlobo, kodwa izici ezithile zofuzo azikahlonzwa ngokuphelele.

Esimeni sesibili sikaRaynaud, isimo esiyisisekelo cishe siwukulimala emithanjeni yegazi ngenxa yezifo ezithile, njenge-lupus noma i-scleroderma, noma ukuchayeka okuhlobene nomsebenzi.