Diana

ERoma, uDiana ekuqaleni wayengabhekwa njengonkulunkulukazi wendawo; indawo yakhe engcwele yokuqala yakhiwa e-Aventine, ngakho-ke, ngokungangabazeki ngaphandle kwe-pomoerii yakudala, futhi uVarro uyamfaka ohlwini lonkulunkulu, okwathi ngemva kokusungulwa, ukwethula uSabine Titus Tatius. Nokho, akukude kangako. Egameni lakhe, Diana ngokungangabazeki isiLatini: sisuselwa kusichasiso usho - etholakala eRoma, ehlotshaniswa namagama amaningana kaNkulunkulu: Dyus Phidias (ongase abe omunye ngaphandle kukaJupiter; noma kunjalo, unkulunkulu wezifungo nombani), Dea Dia (okwangcweliswa kuye umuthi ongcwele wabazalwane bakwa-Arvalez) - noma kokuningi (?) idayime okusho ukuthi "indawo yasezulwini".

Inkolo yakhe ebaluleke kakhulu, eyandulela i-Aventine, itholakala e-Arisia, ehlathini elingcwele ( imis , yingakho igama Diana nemorensis ), elingekude nechibi (isibuko sikankulunkulukazi), endaweni yase-d'Alb-la. -Longue, idolobha langaphambili elibusayo leLatin League. Umpristi wehlelo lika-Arisia unesiqu senkosi inkosi yehlathi (eRoma, ngendlela efanayo esikhuluma ngayo Inkosi yabaNgcwele, "Inkosi Yemikhosi"); ukulandelana kwakhe kuhlala kuvuliwe: noma ubani ofuna ukumshintsha kufanele ambulale kuphela esebenzisa igatsha elikha esihlahleni esithile esihlahleni esingcwele; ezinsukwini zakuqala, yizigqila kuphela noma abantu abampofu ababengathatha lo msebenzi. U-Diane d'Arisi ungunkulunkulukazi wemisebenzi yokuzala kanye nokubeletha (ngesikhathi sokumbiwa kwe-Arisi, kwatholakala izithombe eziningi zesitho sangasese sowesilisa noma sowesifazane). Ehlathini likankulunkulukazi kuhlala i-nymph okuthiwa u-Egeria (okungukuthi, "ukuphela kokukhulelwa"): kwenziwa imihlatshelo kuye ukuze abelethe kalula. Indawo engcwele ayincikile ngokuqondile ku-Alba: njengoba iyinhlangano, evamile kuwo wonke amadolobha aseLatini, ijabulela ilungelo lokuhlala ngaphandle, ilungelo lokukhoseliswa; ukuba khona kwakhe, ehlukanisiwe endaweni yase-Albania, nokho kuthethelela ukuphakama kwe-Alban eNhlanganweni. Lezi zici ezihlukene, ezihlanganiswe nezakhi ezitholwe uma ziqhathaniswa nabanye onkulunkulu base-Indo-European, zavumela uGeorges Dumezil ukuba abone ku-Diana unkulunkulukazi wendawo yasezulwini, ubukhosi kanye nemfanelo yabo, kanye nomvikeli wokuzalwa.

Inkolo yama-Aventine eRoma ikopisha ngokusobala inkolo yase-Aricia; isikhundla sakhe kufanele sihambisane nokugomela kweRoma iqhaza lakhe eliphambili eLazio. Iholide (August 13) khona iyafana neka-Arisi. Kuhlala kukhona ukuzala nokuphakama ezimpawini zika-Diana. Abesifazane bayamkhulekela (ngo-August 13, izinwele zikanywe ngokuhlonishwa kwakhe); I-anecdote edumile eyashiwo nguLivy ithi uSabine, ezwa nge-oracle, eqinisekisa ubukhosi kubantu, waba ngowokuqala ukunikela ngenkomo kuDiyana wase-Aventine, weza ethempelini ngale njongo: umpristi waseRoma, engamthuma, wazihlanza eTiber futhi washesha ukuletha isilwane esihlatshelwe ngalesi sikhathi. Asazi ukuthi ihlelo le-Aventine laqala nini. Inkosi yesibili yaseRoma, uNuma,okusobala ukuthi akahlukile ku-Egeria wase-Arica futhi owayengalandela uDiana eRoma; kodwa zonke lezi yizinganekwane. Mhlawumbe okufanayo kuyisiko elibikwe nguDionysius waseHalicarnassus, ngokusho ukuthi umsunguli wehlelo kuzoba yiNkosi uServius Tullius. Njengakwabanye, ngo-Agasti 13, ngosuku lokugubha ithempeli, ubizwa nangokuthi "iholide lezigqila" ( waphakelwa), kungase kube isivumelwano esilula phakathi kwegama lesigqila negama lenkosi (ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi lo wakamuva wayeyisigqila); eqinisweni, ukubusa kweRoma phezu kweLatin League kuza kamuva. Ngokuphambene, ilungelo lesiphephelo, u-Servius ayezolisungula ngokuhambisana nesiko elifanayo, futhi elizokwenza indawo engcwele ibe yindawo yokuhweba ngamazwe ngamazwe, izochazwa kahle kakhulu ngesikhathi samanje ngezinye izibonelo ezivela ezweni laseMedithera; isivikelo saleli lungelo lesiphephelo esinikezwa izigqila singachaza ukuxhumana kwazo nonkulunkulukazi. Kungenzeka futhi, uma leli siko lisekelwe kahle, ukuthi uDiana, unkulunkulukazi wase-Aventine, njengoCeres, kamuva waphucwa eminye yemisebenzi yakhe; ukuthi futhi imvelaphi ixhumene nama-plebs nokuthi ukungavikeleki kwezikhulu kungukuqhubeka kwesiphephelo sendlu yakhe engcwele. Kwaba ekugcineni, ngo-~ 121, lapho izinduna uGaius Gracchus ezofuna isiphephelo; kuze kube sekupheleni koMbuso, abalimi nabathengisi babebiza uDiana njengomvikeli wabo. Ingabe yayithonywe ihlelo elibalulekile likaDiana eNtabeni iTifat, eduze kwaseCapua, eCampania (isifunda sasendulo samaGreki)? Ingabe u-Diana washeshe wathola ukuthi wayengenelwe nomthelela wokukhulekela okubalulekile okwenziwa ku-Diana eNtabeni i-Tiphata, eduze kwaseCapua, eCampania (isifunda sasendulo samaGreki)? Ingabe u-Diana washeshe wathola ukuthi wayengenelwe nomthelela wokukhulekela okubalulekile okwenziwa ku-Diana eNtabeni i-Tiphata, eduze kwaseCapua, eCampania (isifunda sasendulo samaGreki)? UDiana wathola kusenesikhathi ukuthi wayejwayelene nayeI-Artemis , unkulunkulukazi wamaGreki: uthola ubuntombi, ukunambitheka kokuzingela, ukuxhumana nomfowabo u-Apollo, izimfanelo zenyanga. Ngemva kwezifo eziwumshayabhuqe, kusukela ngo-~ 399, sikhetha i-lectist, lapho u-Apollo noLatona, unina, I-Hercules kanye noDiana, iMercury kanye neNeptune bavela emibhedeni emithathu: U-Diana, ovela kulo mkhuba we-Etruscan-Greek, ngokusobala ungu-Artemis, onecala lobhubhane lokufa kwabesifazane, njengoba umfowabo enecala lokufa kwabesilisa. Phakathi noMbuso, u-Diana Artemis wazuza encazelweni entsha eyanikezwa ngu-Augustus enkolweni ka-Apollo: cishe ngo-AD 17, usuku lwesithathu lweMidlalo Yezwe lunikezelwe ku-Apollo Palatine nodadewabo uDiana; ingoma yamakhwaya eyaqanjelwa lesi senzakalo uHorace ibhekisela kuphela ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki ngonkulunkulukazi.